HomeMy WebLinkAboutPlanning October 7 20031
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
WHATCOM COUNTY COUNCIL
Planning and Development Committee
October 7, 2003
The meeting was called to order at 3:05 p.m. by Committee Chair Seth
Fleetwood in the Council Chambers, 311 Grand Avenue, Bellingham, Washington.
Present:
Dan McShane
Laurie Caskey- Schreiber
Also Present:
Sam Crawford
Barbara Brenner
Sharon Roy
Ward Nelson
COMMITTEE DISCUSSION
Absent:
None
1. DISCUSSION REGARDING IMPACT FEES (AB2003 -331)
This item will be rescheduled at a later date.
COMMITTEE DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION TO COUNCIL — COMP.
PI AN
1. ORDINANCE ADOPTING AMENDMENTS TO THE INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER OF THE WHATCOM COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
(AB2003 -075A) (3:00 — 4:00 P.M.)
Sylvia Goodwin, Planning Division Manager, stated the purpose of the
population projections they're considering is to plan for infrastructure and land use
in the future. The projections are what they expect to happen, and not what they
want to happen. The County Council has some control over what is actually going
to happen. A lot of the development patterns in the county was set in the 1960's
and 1970's. Those zoning categories were confirmed in subarea plans in the 1970's
and by the County Comprehensive Plan in 1997. At that time, the County Council
and Planning Commission were property rights oriented. They did not do
downzones.
She submitted information (on file) about the number of dwelling units that
can be built with the existing zoning.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
McShane asked if the information is just for areas outside of the city limits.
Goodwin stated it is.
Within urban growth areas, there could be 54,998 additional dwelling units.
That accommodates 138,000 additional people. Outside the urban growth areas,
they can add another 20,000 dwelling units to accommodate an additional 50,000
people. Even if they were to downzone those areas, a lot of the parcels already
exist. Even a massive downzone in the county would not reduce the number of
potential dwelling units outside the cities.
Crawford asked if the figures are pure acreage, or take into account the non -
buildable lands. Goodwin stated she did not account for non - buildable land. They
have different infill projections within the cities comprehensive plans. In urban
growth areas, the wetlands and critical areas would remove a considerable amount
of land. Outside of urban growth areas, they won't. If there is five and ten acre
zoning, most parcels can fit one house even with a significant amount of wetlands.
Even if they assume that half or three - quarters of the land comes out of the total
due to wetlands, there is still a significant amount of development that could occur
under the current zoning. This information only accounts for what the zoning would
allow.
There are a few areas that are zoned for five acre zoning but are still
predominantly ten -acre parcels. Those areas are in a checkerboard pattern with
five -acre, two -acre, and smaller parcels. If the County downzoned those areas,
neighbors would be treated differently. They could reduce some density in certain
areas.
Brenner asked about the issue of treating one property owner different from
another property owner. She's never heard about that issue being brought up.
Goodwin stated it's been discussed throughout the Lake Samish rezone. Staff looks
at the existing development pattern and whether they are being equitable.
Those are things the County Council should think about. Mostly, the purpose
was to point out the fact that a significant downzone would not reduce a lot of
density. If they do want to go with a slower growth projection in the rural areas,
there are a few options to achieve that slower growth.
Brenner asked the incentive of the cities if the county can't reduce its
density. Goodwin stated they weren't around when the zoning was established.
They have to deal with the situation as it exists now. Now, the county has a lot of
growth in the rural areas. They need to find creative ways to get the urban growth
areas to densify and to discourage people from going to the rural areas.
One way to discourage growth in the rural areas is downzoning. Another
option is to adopt impact fees in the rural areas. Impact fees across the rural areas
would make those areas more expensive to develop. The cities would be more
attractive to develop. They all have impact fees right now. Impact fees in the
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
county would level the playing field. They have put a moratorium on gift
exemptions. By tightening up the gift exemption procedures, there will be fewer
five -acre parcels divided from the big parcels. They've talked about the transfer of
development rights (TDR) and purchase of development rights (PDR) programs.
They have to have receiving areas to transfer density to certain locations, which
means they have to resolve issues in the Bellingham urban fringe to get utilities
extended to those areas. They've talked about wetland mitigation banking and
other things that encourage development in the city to mitigate wetlands outside
the city. They've also talked about land acquisition programs and easements. All
of those options are expensive. Buying development rights is expensive. The
County may be able to afford three agricultural parcels this year. There are things
to do to help the cities make development more attractive in the city areas.
Fleetwood stated they always acknowledge that there are things to do to
influence growth. He asked why they pronounce that they can't do anything about
it. Goodwin stated there are things they can do. With this many existing parcels
already on the books, there is only so many the County can purchase. The County
can't just take them without compensation. The County can only downzone the
ones that are larger than the minimum parcel size or it does no good. The County
may be able to eliminate one - quarter to one -half of the parcels in the rural areas
through downzoning and other means, but there are still many out there that are
likely to develop. Whether or not they plan for the growth and provide
infrastructure, it's likely there will be people on a lot of those parcels.
She displayed a map of parcels that could be further subdivided under
current zoning. There are a lot of areas where the County could downzone and it
wouldn't make a difference. Some of the parcels that could be downzoned
effectively are in the urban growth areas, and others aren't. There are a lot of five -
and ten -acre zoned parcels larger than the minimum lot size south of Lynden, north
of Bellingham, and in the east side of the county. The point of the map is to show
that there are areas where downzoning could do some good if the Council wants to
project lower density in the rural areas and is willing to do downzones and deal with
the property rights challenges that are likely to occur. It's a difficult decision.
There are now eight alternatives for population projections. The projections
are important to know sooner rather than later. They have to make a decision on
the Birch Bay subarea plan. There's a difference between the 7,100 units
recommended by the Planning Commission and the 9,600 units recommended by
the community in the community plan. Staff is continuing to work on the
Bellingham urban fringe plan, which also depends on the population projections.
McShane asked if the projection recommended by the Planning Commission
for Birch Bay for the total growth. Goodwin stated it is the potential population for
the year 2020. The community wants to plan for 9,600. The Planning Commission
recommended 7,100, which is what they want to plan and zone for.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
Fleetwood stated Bellingham City Council Member Barbara Ryan is of the
opinion that the City Council has not reviewed this issue, and thinks it has
implications on how Bellingham will grow. The committee is going to hear a
request to delay the process a little bit. He asked why they cannot wait. Goodwin
stated they can wait. The Bellingham City Council has not taken action on the
population projection. The Mayor made a suggestion, and the City staff made a
suggestion. Tabling the decision on this item means they are also tabling the
adoption of the Birch Bay Community Plan and a lot of the work the cities and
County are trying to do to update comprehensive plans.
Fleetwood asked the practical implication of delaying the process. Goodwin
stated it would save her work if the Council makes a recommendation. She can put
that work on the back burner. There are a lot of citizens who are waiting to get it
down. The staff is hoping to have an estimate of how the Lake Whatcom downzone
effects the future population and the TDR programs. They all tie together. The
Council could wait. Ultimately, they can't adopt the population projections for the
Introduction Chapter of the Comprehensive Plan until the Council completes review
of the other Comprehensive Plan amendments later in the year. She would like to
suspend work on the Birch Bay plan rather than rewrite it if the projections change.
Fleetwood asked if the Council could indicate what it's willing to do to one
certain provisional area, such as Birch Bay. Goodwin stated she would appreciate
that. Staff was moving forward on the Bellingham urban growth area plan. It
looks like they might be moving more slowly on that plan as well.
McShane read a finding of fact 13 from the Growth Management Hearings
Board decision on the Lake Samish zoning change regarding the county's analysis
of housing needs, available potential lots, and population growth. Goodwin stated
that finding is accurate. It came from a table staff did in its geographic information
system (GIS) prior to this table. This build out analysis does not include the Lummi
reservation. According to the current table, there are 75,000 additional potential
dwelling units because they've subtracted Lake Samish, Lake Whatcom, and the
Lummi reservation.
McShane stated the ECONorthwest low projection is 43,650 additional
growth over the next 20 years. If the Council were to choose the low number,
that's how many people they need to plan for. The Council could conceivable take
half of that growth outside the urban growth boundaries. Goodwin stated they
could. If the zoning is left as it is, they could build an additional 20,000 units, to
accommodate 50,000 people outside the urban growth areas.
McShane stated they could plan to not build another house in the urban
growth areas or the cities, and they could accommodate the entire low population
projection growth in the rural parts of the county. The cities don't have to do a
thing. Goodwin stated that's correct if they can afford the facilities.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
Crawford asked what they are supposed to conclude from this information.
He asked if the inception of zoning inferred that a parcel was buildable. Goodwin
stated it did not.
Crawford stated that all the table does is takes the potential build out
according to the zoning, subtracts the number of units, and says they have a
phenomenal number left over. His concern is the reason why the existing dwelling
units are there is because they are the spots that were most amenable to some
form of construction. He doesn't understand how they can say there is a potential
for 20,000 more housing units. Common sense says there's no way they can build
out to what something is zoned. Goodwin stated that's true, but common sense
also says that there is a bunch of vacant parcels that exist. If someone wants to
build on them they could. The only point of the map is that they are not restricting
the growth if they project the low population projection. The lots are there. If the
people want to come there, they will. The map doesn't show that all those parcels
will develop, just that they could develop.
Crawford stated he would challenge the assumption that they could be built
on. Goodwin stated many don't have wells or septic tanks.
McShane stated it's important to address this issue. It now makes sense to
build on properties that weren't desirable before. People will be creative in their
designs and have to do a little extra engineering. It's happening in Bellingham
now. There are parcels in Bellingham that will be developed at a high density
because it finally works economically. The banks are lining up to loan the money.
The market forces will eventually drive people to build on lots if there is an
opportunity, through zoning, to build on the lots. It's not necessarily true that
people won't build on sites. People will figure out a way to do it. There aren't that
many lots that are unbuildable because people will figure out a way to build. That's
what the Ayers Consulting, Stratum Group, and many others do.
Crawford stated there's an area near Northwest and Aldrich roads that is
slated to have 500 homes. Every developer says there's no way more than three
houses can be built on that acreage. Much of it's wetlands that has to be mitigated
at a ratio of three to one. Councilmember McShane is saying that there will be a
point in time when someone will mitigate somewhere else, and actually put 500
homes there. Developers would challenge that statement.
McShane stated that's correct. It won't happen today. It may happen in 20
years.
Brenner stated it's important to stop demonizing people who live on small
acreages. She lives on two acres. People should have choices.
Caskey- Schreiber stated she tapped into Western Washington University's
demography department to help understand how the census gathers data, how
projections are made, and to provide a demography lesson. Dr. Rabel Burdge is an
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
expert in rural sociology, and is also on the Planning Commission. Dr. Kyle
Crowder is a well recognized demographer and has published on urban sociology.
Lucky Tedrow handles the census material for the State.
Dr. Rabel Burdge, 1108 - 13th Street, Bellingham, stated he lives on a 5,000
square foot lot. He submitted and read a handout (on file) on the Whatcom County
Population Projections, dated October 7, 2003.
Lucky Tedrow, 2433 Fieldview Drive, Ferndale, stated the ECONorthwest
projections uses economic links with the State data. The Office of Financial
Management (OFM) projection refers to a demographic method that projects age
cohorts over time. This is the method he's most familiar with. The demographic
methods separately accounts for births, deaths, and migration. Both the
ECONorthwest and OFM intermediate forecasts are similar. The State's
intermediate projection is the most likely to occur.
Migration is the most volatile component of the projection. The numbers of
births and deaths is standard throughout all counties. In the short term, from 2000
to 2005, the projection may go over or under the intermediate number, but it will
level out to the intermediate number over the course of the 22 year period. The
high and low projections reflect uncertainly and the fact that they can't forecast the
population growth exactly.
Kyle Crowder, Western Washington University Associate Professor in the
Sociology Department, stated he lives on a four -acre lot. Research has been done
in urban sociology to put population projections in context. There are three
questions that are often convoluted in this debate, but need to be separated to
reach sound decisions on which population projections they adopt.
First, the question is how much they think the county will grow. They've
already heard testimony that the middle projection is probably the most likely
projection in terms of the demographic and economic forecast. Projections are
based primarily on the fast growth of the 1990's. They've already seen the
economic growth sag since then in the state, nation, and county. Since economic
growth spurs in- migration, a sagging economy will also lead to sagging in- migration
and reduce that population growth level. It's more realistic to extend the view back
to at least the 1980's. The long -term view would lead to a conclusion that the
middle line projection offered by ECONorthwest are most consistent with what will
likely happen.
The highest population projection from ECONorthwest are divorced from the
reality of recent population trends. They imply that annual additions to the
population will be about 4,444 new residents per year. Percentages sometimes
hide the reality of what they're talking about. Every time they are talking about an
annual percentage increase, they are applying that percentage to a larger
population every year. The careful study by the Planning Commission supports the
recommendations by the Planning Commission.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
The second question is how they will choose to accommodate the growth
that will occur. Ms. Goodwin presented good information on that topic. Regardless
of the population projections they decide to adopt, they will still have choices.
(Clerk's Note: End of tape one, side A.)
Crowder continued to state that even though zoning is already established,
they still have room to mediate the potential impact of population growth. Adding
to existing urban growth areas or failing to rezone current areas that could have
high density development in the county paves the way for sprawl and its related
problems.
The third question is the most important, and asks how the planning
decisions impact patterns and levels of population growth. The decisions they
make shape the population trends. Planning is an active, not reactive, set of
strategies. Take into consideration the impacts that population projections will
have. For example, adopting inflated population projections and developing the
related infrastructure to accommodate that inflated growth will increase the pace of
population growth. Adopting high population projections, and increasing the
availability of land for development, lowers the economic costs of using these
resources and encourages more use, creating a phenomenon called induced usage.
Evidence is most clear when they look at the development of roads. They often
develop and expand roads to alleviate traffic congestion. Unfortunately, it's only a
short -run solution. Over the long -run, it lowers the cost of traveling by car,
induces more people to travel by car, and exacerbates the traffic congestion
problem. They can expand that same logic to other kinds of infrastructure. All
those provisions tend to reduce the cost of using those lands in the outer county
areas and pave the way for more development in those areas. If they adopt the
high projections, they are not wedded to measures that directly affect higher
densities or development in the outer county, but it will create pressure. If they
plan for a high population growth, that's what they will get because people will take
advantage of the infrastructure that they've developed.
He highly recommends that the Council adopt the Planning Commission's
recommendations. They are the best thought out and most consistent with the
trends. The variable projections across the county allow for steering growth into
areas that take advantage of existing infrastructure and avoid that self - fulfilling
prophecy.
McShane stated a lot of the population projection appears to be focused on
what's happening locally. He asked how well demographers do at predicting
population growth in communities that are 50 to 90 miles from large urban areas.
Crowder stated Seattle and Vancouver B.C. are both cases that contradict general
trends. They have both experienced certain inner -city problems that tend to fuel
suburbanization. They've also experienced a tremendous amount of gentrification
as well, such as in the central district of Seattle.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
He's concerned that the cost of business that goes up very high in the cities
and creates an engine that drives population they can't prepare for. Crowder
stated the suburbanization process and decline of the central city are locked in a
downward spiral. There is a debate about whether or not the problems in the
central city are a cause or consequence of urban decline. The tax base of the
central city is declining because it is going to the suburbs. The businesses have
also taken their tax dollars. If they continually focus economic and infrastructure
development on the outer fringes of the urban areas, they are taking away funds
from the central city and worsening the problems people are reacting to already.
McShane stated the idea is that they should focus attention on the areas
they want to have growth occur, and then plan the infrastructure there. The
Planning Commission reflected that somewhat. His concern is how solid that
number is. They are running out of land because of decisions made between
Seattle and Everett. People are pressured to come this way. Crowder stated the
downtown core of Bellingham will change if they infill and build up densities. They
don't have to change in ways that other central cities have changed. In other
cities, densities exploded and made it impossible for businesses to adapt to the lack
of resources and land in the city. Whatcom County isn't at that point yet. They
have a long way to go before reaching the point where land is completely
unavailable in Bellingham.
If they take those resources away from the central city, they lose control
over the way the city develops. What's left is a tremendous infrastructure that's
underutilized because businesses and people have relocated to the suburban
fringes.
They should all think about how they view population projections as self -
fulfilling prophecies. Much of the super rapid growth reflects the fact they've been
planning for super rapid growth. It's tough to plan for less growth. It's a big risk,
but it's the only way to get a handle on it.
Fleetwood stated many people propose that they choose the high population
projection because it's better to be prepared, and it's extremely expensive to
retrofit because of poor planning. He asked for Mr. Crowder's comments on that
option. Crowder stated it seems to make good economic and common sense to
overbuild, but it reduces the cost of development, which will spur development and
population growth. At the other end of the extreme and under - build, it will
increase the cost of development so much that people can't afford to move in.
There won't be enough land and infrastructure to accommodate the people who
want to move in. The end result is that the population growth slows. Something
between the two extremes is ideal.
Crawford stated the question is whether or not growth is good. His
experience says that most people in the room were not born in Whatcom County.
He thought it was pretty cool that he could move here. It sounds like they're
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
saying growth and population increases are bad. He asked if people who desire to
come here should be able to come here. Burdge stated the purpose of their
presentation is to give the best technical estimate of what the population will be.
It's not their goal to decide whether growth is good or bad. Their presentation
doesn't imply that growth is bad. They're simply saying that, based on their
technical knowledge and experience, the Planning Commission recommendation is
the best estimate. It's the Council's decision to evaluate the value of growth.
Tedrow stated they have to make a distinction between population growth
and geographic growth. By definition, sprawl is geographic growth that outstrips
population growth. Population growth is good. That's what's allowed people to
move here. Geographic growth is bad for the health of the cities, suburbs, and
county in terms of attracting businesses and the environmental health. Population
growth is possible without geographic spread. The Council has an opportunity to
help steer that population growth into areas that are healthy for the entire county.
Brenner stated the Growth Management Act can be interpreted many ways.
It does talk about urban growth areas. People don't want to be in urban growth
areas. She asked a better way than incrementally increasing the urban growth
areas. Tedrow stated the urban growth areas are a good idea in principle. It's a
matter of how they use the urban growth areas and whether or not they can avoid
adding to the urban growth areas. They can argue there is ample area for
development within the existing urban growth areas. Steering growth to those
existing areas is what he would prescribe.
Roy stated the notion is deciding what they want to preserve ahead of time,
during the planning process, so the government and community have already
determined the areas that will be green spaces, natural resources, or other uses.
She asked if there's a pattern for how to do that. Tedrow stated that's a matter of
being proactive instead of reactive. Have those philosophical conversations that
tend to get lost in the day -to -day operations.
Caskey- Schreiber asked about Councilmember McShane's proposal of
choosing high projections for the cities and low projections for the rural areas, and
whether that will work. Burdge stated Ms. Goodwin will provide information on
what's available within these areas.
Caskey- Schreiber stated it's difficult to divorce the population projection
from the land use issues. The City of Bellingham is far from using all the tools
available to encourage infill. They need to make it more attractive and competitive
for people to locate in the city versus the county. They can do that. They don't
need to adopt the high projection to get there.
Fleetwood stated finding of fact 13 in the ordinance mirrors a finding of fact
in the Planning Commission recommendation. It is what Councilmember McShane
proposes.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
McShane stated his proposal is not far from the Planning Commission's
proposal. They should choose the highest number for the cities to make sure the
cities are putting in place the infrastructure necessary to accommodate as much
growth as possible. He's worried about more than 20 years.
Nelson stated that if the land supply is adequate and the costs are down,
they won't force people into the rural area.
David Hunter, 819 Mason Street, stated he lives on a 5,500 square foot lot.
He is not speaking as a representative of the County Planning Commission. It's
important to recognize that a population projection is not purely reactive. It's
proactive. It matters what they project. Increased population is not purely benign.
It's damaging. It causes damage to the natural resources, even if it all occurs in
the cities. The population in the cities will still transport to the county. They will
still send pollution out into the county and affect the water supply. Recognize that
the projections will have an impact on actual growth. Contemplate the special
character of Whatcom County, with remarkable natural resources. Consider that
low projections will have an impact that is different from a medium or a higher
impact. Don't consider anything higher than the recommendation from the
Planning Commission, including projections for the cities. The problems with
shellfish and salmon are harbingers of future problems. Consider the Planning
Commission recommendation, or something even lower.
Barbara Ryan, Bellingham City Council Member, stated the Bellingham City
Council and the City Planning Commission have not been able to have the same
discussion as the County Council is having today. The City would like an
opportunity to look at the numbers, and at how much growth the city can handle
before it's not livable. Another question is what they can do to mitigate the
impacts of growth. She is concerned about the increase of population without
annexation. The City has looked at the areas that depend on City services that
aren't part of the city and aren't paying City taxes. They have more work to do on
that analysis. They are also interested in areas inside the city that are capable of
becoming more dense, but they don't know what the numbers are. They need to
analyze those areas. They need to figure out what they want Bellingham to look
like in 2020. The City Council asks that the County delay the decision until the City
has an opportunity to ask their questions.
Fleetwood asked if the City knows how much time it needs to come to their
position. Ryan stated she doesn't know. It needs to be done soon.
Crawford asked for staff's response.
Hal Hart, Planning and Development Services Director, stated the
administration was disappointed when it heard this, but understands.
Crawford asked if they can delay this portion of the Comprehensive Plan
update. This item carries a lot of weight. Bellingham is the largest city and
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
contains about half the county's population. It will have a major influence on what
the County does. Goodwin stated they could delay this decision as long as to the
end of 2004 if necessary. However, in order to plan for infill in Bellingham and
growth in the urban growth area, staff need a projection on how much growth to
plan for. County staff has worked with City staff on the Bellingham urban growth
area. County staff recently heard that Bellingham staff wants to stop work on the
Bellingham urban growth area plan and work on the city plan instead. If they try to
wait until after they get done with the Bellingham urban growth area plan, it could
be years. It's difficult for the city to plan for additional density if they don't have a
population projection. It's easier for the city to plan for low projections, not infill,
and let the growth go elsewhere if there isn't a projection to work toward. The
County is required to update its Comprehensive Plan by the end of 2004.
Caskey- Schreiber asked that someone from the City Council tell the County
its timeline. The County can work with the City. It doesn't have to wait for a year.
Hopefully they can get it done within the next couple of meetings.
Dan Warner, 3854 Squalicum Lake Road, stated they all agree that they
don't want to be another King County. At the present rate of growth, the City of
Bellingham will have a population of 1.5 million in 100 years. That population is
not acceptable or sustainable. It's a political decision. The people of Whatcom
County have a right to say what they want the County to be like. At some
juncture, the county population has got to stop growing. Of course the Council
doesn't have the power to do that. Begin to take the action to stop growth sooner
rather than later.
Pat Jones, 153 Soundview Road, submitted information for the record (on
file). He came to Whatcom County from Bellevue. He understands the
consequences of not planning for the right population. As a consulting engineer, he
saw it. He introduced two members of Northern Economics, who did a report for
his firm a year ago.
Donna Macomber, 159 Larson Road, Bellingham, asked the Council to use
the low population forecast. Don't make judgments and decisions because they
can't predict the future. The population decreased in Whatcom County last year. If
they use the high forecast, the UGA will be increased. The builders will have more
land, and taxpayers will pay higher taxes to subsidize them. The County has to
review this again in seven years. If the Council chooses the high projection, the
developers will be back in seven years to ask for more land in the UGA. Let
Bellingham's current UGA do what it is supposed to do, which is infill.
Tamer Kirac, Northern Economics Inc., stated he lives on a sailboat in
Squalicum Harbor Marina. He did not specifically work on the report Mr. Jones
submitted to the Council. Because of his background in economics and
demographics, he may be able to provide some useful information and answer
questions. Having worked for numerous counties, cities, and the Department of
Commerce, he had a chance to review and critique some of the population
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
projections that OFM conducts. The methodology used by OFM are quite credible
and accurate. The OFM projections probably reflect reality and performance of
actual population attainment in many counties and cities. Underestimating
population growth in cities the size of Bellingham result in spillover of population.
The UGA was established to manage that growth. Two communities that would be
affected by such spillover would be Lynden and Ferndale. Underestimation can be
a problem that would be difficult to solve in the future. Decisions should be made
very carefully.
Dave Paulsen, 3310 - 32nd Street, Bellingham, submitted his letter into the
record (on file). He read his letter.
(Clerk's Note: End of tape one, side B.)
Paulsen continued to read his letter into the record. There are ways to grow
in a sustainable way, create living wage jobs that increase the quality of life in
Bellingham and Whatcom County.
Kenni Merritt, 1304 -39th Street, Bellingham, stated she believes there is a
strong common thread running through the community. Citizens want to preserve
the rural character, farmland, and open space; the character of established
neighborhoods, and; the special qualities and appearance of the community. These
goals can be achieved if they use the low population number, retain existing urban
growth area (UGA) boundaries, and retain the current zoning.
There have been heated discussions on the Planning staff recommendations.
Over the past two years, they've learned that corporate boards cannot simply
accept staff and management recommendations without independently look at the
recommendations and conclusions. The elected officials are directly accountable to
the citizens. The impacts of these decisions go far beyond land use planning
matters.
Wynne Lee, 2171 Tuttle Lane, Lummi Island, stated she recommended the
Council consider the low population, with more of the growth being put into the
urban growth areas, and less into the agricultural and rural areas. The growth in
the last 20 years has not paid for itself. Whatcom County is still facing an
infrastructure problem. In the next 20 years, they have a lower of level services to
look forward to.
Cheryl Lovato - Niles, 2631 Sunset Drive, Bellingham stated she is most
concerned about sprawl and its effects. Owning a car has negative environmental
and personal effects. Make sure impact fees reflect the true cost of development.
Focus on infill development.
Larry Mansfield, 4145 Ridgewood Avenue, stated they have to stop growth.
There is no affordable housing on either coast of the United States. He grew up in
Medina, near Bellevue, which used to be very rural.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
Susan Tercek, 102 Briza Court, Bellingham, stated the Council should select
the low number. The idea that they should plan for the worst possible population
growth is misguided. The growth prediction will have consequences. They are
having difficulties solving today's problems at today's population levels. If they
can't solve the problems now, when they are small, don't allow the population to
grow by 60 percent. Keep growth to a minimum until they can handle it.
Barbara Rodak, 4456 Aldrich Road, stated she is against the big growth
number and asked the Council to select the low growth number. She lived through
the huge, unplanned growth in southern California from 1962 through 1973.
Jack Petree, Sunset Drive, stated the Council is not deciding the amount of
growth that will come to the county, but where it will go. It can go in the cities or
in the county. If they restrict the cities' ability to build the infrastructure by going
with the low projection, they will build smaller roads, units, and sewer. If it's too
expensive to build in the cities, it's easy to go into the county.
Lynn Alton, 4790 Aldrich Road, stated she is for low growth, not high growth.
John Watts, Bellingham City Council Member, stated he agreed with
comments made earlier by Bellingham Council Member Barbara Ryan. Growth
management is a serious problem. Both the County and the City are responsible to
do their duties to plan for this growth in a reasonable, rational way. Take into
consideration of the comments and concerns of all the citizens. This matter came
before the City Council just yesterday. The City Council unanimously decided to
express its concerns that population projection decision goes too far and too fast
without significant input from the City Council. The City Council has had little
feedback or participation to make its voice heard. This doesn't make a lot of sense.
The update of their respective comprehensive plans need to be done in a spirit of
collaboration. This plan must succeed far better than any past plan.
There have been problems with growth. It's difficult to have cities plan and
take infill. It can be done. It takes time to convince the public what to do, and
then put those mechanisms into place that will enable the infill to happen.
In the urban growth areas now (UGA) there is a debate about whose
standards must be followed. The development community is getting worn out
going back and forth between the City and County. They need to fix the problem
they have before taking on additional problems.
Another problem is revenue sharing. Now, about 12,000 people are living in
the City of Bellingham UGA. This is one in six of the current population. The City
does not collect property tax for any of those people. No one wants to live in the
urban growth area. This is the place where they are supposed to take much of the
growth. The urban growth area has become a no man's land because the City
expects that it will come in eventually on annexation and things will happen. The
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 13
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
County doesn't spend any additional funds on infrastructure because it thinks the
City will do it. The two entities never meet on that issue, which needs to be fixed.
It needs to be fixed concurrently with any growth projections.
Associated with those problems, the City is also continuing to withhold the
extension of water and solution, which will allow density to occur and will trigger
annexation. This has to happen, as does transfers of development rights (TDR's).
Before they get too far down the track, they need to bring everything and everyone
together.
There's something of an artificial urgency being created. He's not sure the
number they pick makes a lot of difference. People think it does. If people think it
makes a difference, it will make a difference. Be careful about the perceptions they
are creating. There's no rush.
McShane asked that, regardless of what the County does, make sure that the
City uses an entire County map instead of just city maps. People consider what's
outside the city limits when considering what makes this a great place to live.
This is only one political decision. He commended Barbara Ryan for taking
the hard position of not providing infrastructure that would enable growth outside
of the city.
Caskey- Schreiber stated she was also surprised that it was on the track that
it was. They've only had a half meeting before this one on this topic. She was told
that planners, small cities, and administrations got together last October on this
issue. It seems like the County Council is getting pressure to make a decision
they've already come to.
She has a document that talks about making infill work. It takes time,
neighborhood cooperation, and infill -like existing properties. She welcomes the
opportunity to work with the City of Bellingham on this issue.
Brenner stated she was pleasantly surprised to hear from the City. The City
Council must have heard about what the City administration has been saying.
She's been hearing it for months. The City and County planning commissions have
been meeting. She's surprised he hadn't heard that this is what the City
administration is planning.
Watts stated that's the point. He prefers to let the Planning Commission and
public do their things first, and then come in after it's been conditioned. He has an
interest, but he lets the Planning Commission and the citizen's groups do their work
first. The City Council may or may not make changes. That's how the process
ought to work.
Polly Hanson, 2781 West Shore Drive, Lummi Island, stated she looks at
things based on reality. Don't lose a grip on the fact that there are beautiful, life-
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 14
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
sustaining, necessary things that are under threat and showing signs of wear. First
decide what they absolutely have to have. Decide what is most important in the
Whatcom County area. Decide whether they want to preserve the forest or the
water quality. Glaciers are melting, and the storehouse of fresh water is being lost.
When they build more roads and houses, the aquifers become polluted and used
up. They are pumping water out faster than it filters into the aquifer. Build the
population around keeping those things that are critical to support life. The
newcomers should pay their full way financially, and they should not do in the
people who already live here.
Alan Rhodes, 1211 - 38th Street, Bellingham, stated he agreed with Council
Member Barbara Ryan in not rushing on this issue. If a population figure were to
be chosen, he would choose the low projection. A study was done in 2000 at the
request of the King County Council on the cost of growth in Oregon State. The
study supported what has been determined throughout the country for many years.
Growth tends to raise taxes and decrease the level of services. This particular
study discovered that, in urban growth areas in Washington State, the
infrastructure costs of the average single family dwelling was $83,000. The
average impact fee is $2,500. There is a phenomenal cost to the taxpayer. He
wants to know the cost to the taxpayers of Whatcom County for each new single
family home being built. They need to take a very conservative approach. Pick the
low population figure. The costs of growth can be staggering. He doesn't want to
see taxes increase and services dwindle.
Warren Sheay, Humbolt Street, stated he lives in the York neighborhood,
which is the single most crowded neighborhood in the City of Bellingham. There
are about 12 people per acre. They are already at a high density. When they talk
about infill, they should be careful. There is an infill design that is not for
affordable housing or families. They are for single people and college students.
They are studios and one - bedroom apartments that will rent for about $600 per
month. The developer has been uncooperative with the neighborhood. When the
building goes in, there will be overflow parking. Infill sounds great, but they have
to stop all population growth. They have a chance to do that. It will take courage.
The problem with the planning process is that it focuses on the people who
are coming. They have to remember the people who are already here. The people
here are ignored by real estate developers and the planning process. They've
already figured out what they want for the county through the visioning process of
the Comprehensive Plan. Non - public lands are to stay rural in agricultural and
forestry uses.
Dave Pros, 1466 Roy Road, stated there's a profound disconnect and
disagreement between planners and the public. He understands that planners like
streets that go through subdivisions. In reality, the public likes cul de sacs. There
is a reason why elected politicians, not scientists, make the decisions.
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 15
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
DISCLAIMER: This document contains the Whatcom County Council or Committee
minutes, as approved. However, unless an attested signature page is attached, they
are not the final approved minutes.
Choosing these population numbers is about how they are going to handle
buildable land. This exercise should involve how to enhance the quality of life. The
high and medium numbers are too large to enhance the quality of life in any area.
The argument is that rural areas are saved by densifying and expanding the UGA's.
However, that hasn't been shown as true. No one has come up with an answer to
how big the projection has to be to stop people from going into the rural areas.
Even 10,000 or more new lots will change the fact that people will go to the rural
areas. The problem is not solved by the staff's recommendations. It also doesn't
help them expand or densify the UGA's. Keep the zoning the way it is in the
UGA's. Put as much density as much as possible in the cities. The County will have
to deal with the rural areas at a future time. They are only faced with the UGA's
right now. Those population numbers don't work for any area. The low number
can be workable.
Fleetwood stated the Planning Committee lost it's quorum at 5:25 p.m.
OTHER BUSINESS
There was no other business.
ADJOURN
The meeting adjourned at 5:25 p.m.
Jill Nixon, Minutes Transcription
/X—E&i71
Dana Brown - Davis, Council Clerk
WHATCOM COUNTY COUNCIL
WHATCOM COUNTY, WASHINGTON
Seth Fleetwood, Committee Chair
Planning and Development Committee, 10/7/2003, Page 16