HomeMy WebLinkAboutord1984-106I DATE: November 15, 1984 INTRODUCED BY: Consent
2 PROPOSED BY: Planning and Development
omm teP
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ORDINANCE NO. 84 -106
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AN ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE WHATCOM
5 COUNTY DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
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WHEREAS, pursuant to RCW 36.70.550 -the Whatcom County
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Planning Agency has determined and prepared the development standard
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governing land alteration activities for the design and installation
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of road sections and drainage facilities which will further the ob-
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jectives and goals of the Comprehensive Plan; and,
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WHEREAS, the Planning Department and Bureau of Engineering
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developed preliminary standards governing land alteration, road and
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drainage installation in 1981; and,
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WHEREAS, a Blue Ribbon Citizen Committee was appointed by
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the Whatcom County Council in 1982 to review, evaluate and suggest
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revision to said standards; and,
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WHEREAS, the said committee has completed its review,
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evaluation and revisions in March of 1983 and submitted said
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standards to the County citizenry for public review; and,
20 WHEREAS, these revisions have in fact been reviewed by the
21 Whatcom County Bureau of Engineering as well as the Whatcom County
22 SEPA official; and,
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WHEREAS, a Declaration of Non - Significance has been filed
24 concerning these revisions on April 13, 1984; and,
25 WHEREAS, adoption of these standards for roads, drainage,
and land alteration is in the public interest since it would im-
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plement the policies of the Comprehensive Plan and establish a
28 consistent policy for the review of road and drainage improvements
29 and land alteration activities which provide the necessary flexibili
30 to accomodate innovative land use developments for changing condi-
31 tions and unique circumstances; and,
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ORDINANCE - 1.
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WHEREAS, it will provide consistent road standards that
address the location and installation of utilities and other road
related features within the County right -of -way and easements, the
safe convenient and aesthetic system for the economical movement
of motor vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians and road geometrics and
design elements that conform to current federal and state require-
ments, all to the public's health, safety and welfare; and,
WHEREAS, it provides for storm drainage and land alteration
activities that establish standard design and construction parameter
and requirements which would reduce water quality degradation,
protect properties adjacent to developing land from increased amount
or rates of storm water runoff or increased sedimentation, erosion
or unstable soil, geologic conditions, as well as preserve and
protect the County's water courses, receiving waters, wetlands and
other bodies of water and the integrity and safety of County roads
and rights -of -way, all of this to the benefit of the citizens of
Whatcom County; and,
WHEREAS, the Whatcom County Council has reviewed the
conditions as requested and agree that they should be implemented;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that Chapter 12.08 of the
Whatcom County Code which establishes standards and procedures for
the review of road and drainage improvements and land alteration
activities shall be amended in accordance with Attachment "A" which
is incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth in this
ordinance.
PASSED THIS 6th DAY OF -December , 1984.
WHATC OUNTY COUNCZL
WHAT M UNTY I ON
BY:
CRAIG W. COL ,
Chairperson
ORDINANCE - 2.
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(� APPROVED ( ) VETOED
SHIRLEY VAN ZANTE ,
County Executive
DATE: December 17, 1984
ATTEST:
.0 '144
Clerk of the C uncil
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
RANDALL J. TS,
Deputy Prose ing Attorney
Published November 20, 1984 and December 12, 1984'
Effective date:
- 3.
7. 1984
INTRODUCTION
The general purpose of these.Development Standards is to provide a
consistent policy under which certain physical aspects of
development will be implemented. With regard to the Roads Section,
the purpose is to provide:
Standard road design and construction elements where necessary
for consistency.
Standard requirements for the location and installation of
utilities and other road - related features within Whatcom
County right -of -way easements.
A safe, convenient and aesthetic system for the economical
movement of motor vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians.
A road system that is economical to .maintain.
Road geometrics and design elements conforming to current
federal and state requirements.
These Standards are intended neither to provide for all situations
nor to be static in form or content. They are intended to assist,
but not to substitute for, competent work by design professionals.
It is expected that land surveyors, engineers and architects will
bring to each project the best of skills from their respective
disciplines. Revisions to these Standards may be made when
warranted by changed conditions or needs.
Further, these Standards are not intended to unreasonably limit any
innovation or creative effort. However, any deviations from these
Standards are subject to the approval of. the County Engineer, or
other designated official, based on satisfactory evidence that the
proposed variance will produce a compensating or comparable
result, in every way adequate for Whatcom County and Whatcom County
residents.
NOTE: The standards for drainage and land clearing have been
revised under separate chapters of the Whatcom County
Development Standards. Refer to Chapter 2 Stormwater
Management for drainage/ erosion control standards and
Chapter 3 Land Clearing for land clearing activity
standards.. See Chapter 2 & Chapter 3 also for the
relevant definition sections.
WEATCOM COUNTY DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DIVISION
1
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
SECTION
1.000
GENERAL
1.001
Shortened Destination
1.002
Applicability
1.003
Interpretation and Enforcement
1.004
References
1.005
Adopted County Specifications
1.006
Other County Specifications
1.007
variances
1.008
Penalties
1.009
Caveat and Disclaimer
1.010
severability
SECTION
1.100
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
1.101
Definitions
1.102
Abbreviations
SECTION
1.200
INSPECTION
.1.201
Basis for Control of the Work
1.202
Inspection Sequence
1.203
Developers Required to Notify
1.204
Revisions to Inspection Sequences
1.205
Required Inspection to be Performed
Developer or other agencies
1.206
Materials Sampling and Testing
SECTION 1.300
1.301
1.302
1.303
DIVISION 2
SECTION 2.000
2.001
2.002
2.003
2.004
2.005
2.006
2.007
SECURITIES
Performance Securities
Maintenance Securities
Permit Bonds
ROADS AND RELATED WORK
by
CONSTRUCTION PLANS
Submittal Procedure
General Formatting
Horizontal Plan
Profile Elements
Typical Cross Section
Drainage Plan
Temporary Erosion Sedimentation Control Plan
Section 2.100 ROAD TYPES AND GEOMETRICS
2.101 General
2.102 Rural Roads
2.103 Urban Streets
2.104
Cul -de -Sac
2.105
Commercial Streets
2.106
Private Streets
2.107
P.U.D. Streets
2.108
Expressway
2.109
Other Road Design Criteria
2.110
Sight Distance
2.111
Roadway Alignment
2.112
Medians
2.113
Street Ends
2.114
Intersections
2.115
Connections of State Highway and New Roads
2.116
Railroad Grade Crossings
2.120
Dedications
SECTION
2.200
ROADSIDE FEATURES
2.201
Urban Pedestrian Facilities
2.202
Rural Pedestrian Facilities
2.203
Bikeway Classification and Applicability
2.204
Off- Street Bikeway Standards
2.205
Roadway Bikeway Standards
2.206
Surfacing"Requirements for Pedestrian and Bike
Facilities
2.210
Side Slopes
2.211
Driveways
2.212
Rock Retaining Walls
2.213
Curbs and Gutters
2.214
Curb Ramps
2.215
Survey Monuments
2.216
Mailboxes
2.217
Guardrail
2.220
Traffic Control
2.221
Street Illumination
2.222
Landscaping
SECTION
2.400
ROADWAY BASE AND SURFACING
2.401
General Requirements
2.402
Access Streets
2.403
Arterials, Collectors and Commercial Streets
2.404
Unopened Public Right -of -Ways
SECTION
2.600
UTILITIES
2.601
Franchising Policy
2.602
Utility Locations
2.603
Utilities, Installations in New Developments
or Inside Unmaintained County Rights -of -Ways
2.604
Utility Installations on Existing Maintained
County Right -of -Ways
SECTION
2.700
BRIDGES AND RETAINING WALLS
2.701
Bridge Design Criteria
2.702
Retaining Wall Design Criteria
SECTION 3.100 LAND ALTERATIONS SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS
3.101 Relationship with Drainage Submittal
3.102 Other Land Alteration Actions
INDEX TO DRAWINGS
A -1
Minimum Standards for Rural Private Roads
Service Acreage Tracts
A -2
Minimum Standard for Opening Public Right -of-
Way
A -3
Light Bituminous Surface Treatment Section
A -4
Local, Minor and General Access Roads Rural
Public Roads
A -5
Minor and Major Collectors Rural Public Roads
A -6
Minimum Standard for Urban Private Roads
A -7
Local, Minor and General Access Streets Urban
Public Roads
A -8
Major and Secondary Arterials, Collectors and
Commercial Streets, urban Public Roads
A -9
Curb Details
A -10
Cul -de -Sac and Intersection Detail
B -1
Ditch Section - Driveway
B -2
Curb and Gutter Section - Driveway
B -3
Location and Width of New Driveways
B -4
Curb Ramps
B -5
Sidewalk Details
B -6
Sidewalk Drain - Cut Section
B -7
Boundary Survey Monument
B -8
Roadway Survey Monument
B -9
Mailbox Standard
B -10
Signing for Private Roads
B -11
Offstreet Bikeway
B -12
Rockline Shoulder Ditches
B -13
Rock Retaining Wall, Fill Section
B -14
Rock Retaining Wall, Cut Section
B -15
Rock Retaining Wall, Under Sidewalk
C -1
Precast Curb Inlet
C -2
Catch Basin - Type 1
C -3
Catch Basin - Type 1A
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Type II - 4811, Catch Basin
C -5
Grate and Frame Installation Detail
C -6
Thru -Curb Inlet Frame and Grate with Vertical
Curb Installation
C -7
Standard Metal Frame and Grate
C -8
Restrictor /Sediment Control Catch Basin
C -9
Baffle Type, Oil /Water Separator
D -1
Standard Utility Location, Rural Road Section
D -2
Standard Utility Locations
D -3
Trench Repair Details
D -4
Pavement Restoration Detail
1.000
1.00.1
DIVISION 1
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL
Shortened Designation
These Whatcom County Development Standards shall be cited
routinely in the text as "Standards ".
1.002 Applicability
These Standards shall apply to all land development actions in
unincorporated Whatcom County. Moreover, persons involved with
the following actions or permits shall be required to
demonstrate compliance with the requirements of these
Standards prior to County approval and /or commencement of
construction work:
1. Flood Control Zone permits.
2. Substantial Development permits as required by the
Whatcom County Shorelines Management Program.
3. Short and long subdivision approvals.
4. All developments where the permit relates to 5,000 or
more square feet of development coverage within the
property.
5. Planned unit developments and binding site plans.
6. Major development permits.
7. Rezone involving an area greater than 5 acres.
8. Revocable Encroachment permits.
9. Trail permits.
10. County construction and reconstruction projects done by
private contact or by County Forces. Routine maintenance
work and emergency repairs are excluded.
11. Forest practices, as defined in Chapter 76.09 RCW, where
(a) the application therefore submitted to the Washington
State Department of Natural Resources under RCW
76.09.060, as now or hereinafter amended, indicates that
the lands will be converted to a use other than
commercial timber production, or (b) the forest practice
is to occur on lands which have been platted after
January 1, 1960.
Commencement of construction work under any of the above
mentioned actions or permits, including the initial clearing
of any proposed land development, shall not begin until such
time as final approval of the drainage, erosion control,
and /or grading plans is obtained.
Notwithstanding any other term or provision of this ordinance,
this ordinance shall not apply to any "forest practice," as
defined in the Forest Practice Act of 1974 (Chapter 76.0.9
RCW), except to the extent that such regulation is expressly
permitted by said act, as now or hereinafter amended. (See RCW
76.09.240).
1.003 Interpretation and Enforcement
Interpretation and enforcement of these Standards shall be the
responsibility of the Whatcom County Engineer, unless
specified otherwise.
1.004 References
These Standards implement or are intended to be consistent
with:
1. Whatcom County Code
- Title 17, Flood Damage Prevention
- Title 18, Shoreline Management Program
- Title 19, Subdivisions
- Title 20, Zoning
2. Whatcom County Comprehensive Land Use Plan.
3. Washington State County Design Standards as adopted per
RCW 43.32.020.
4. Washington State Department of Transportation "Local
Agency Guidelines."
5. State of Washington Shoreline Management Act.
6. National and State Environmental Policy Acts.
7. Federal and State surface water rights law relating to
repair rights and surface waters.
8. Whatcom County Interim Zoning Ordinance and Title 8,
Current Subdivision Ordinance.
1.005 Adopted County Specifications
Except as otherwise provided in these Standards, design
detail, workmanship, and materials shall.be in accordance to
the relevant sections of the following:
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1.006
1. Washington State Department of Transportation "Standard
Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction - 1980"
or current edition. These will be referred to as "State
Standard Specifications."
2. Washington State Department of Transportation "Standard
Plans for Road and Bridge Construction - 1980" or current
edition, hereinafter referred to as "State Standard
Plans."
3. "Washington Chapter American Public Works Association
Standard Specifications for Municipal Works Construction
- 1981" or current edition, hereinafter referred to as
"APWA Standard Specifications."
Other Specifications
The following specifications may also be followed when
specifically cited by these Standards, when required by a
higher level funding authority having jurisdiction, or in the
absence of specific standard when applicable and approved by
the County Engineer.
1. "U.S. Department of Transportation Manual on Uniform
Traffic Control Devices for Roads and Highways - 198011 as
amended and approved by the Washington State Department
of Transportation, hereinafter referred to as "MUTCD."
2. "Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges - 12th
edition, 1977" adopted by the American Association of
State Highway and Transportation Officials, hereinafter
referred to as the " ASHTO Bridge Specifications."
3. "Washington State Department of Transportation Design
Manual" the current edition, hereinafter referred to as
"WSDOT Design Manual."
4. "Washington State Department of Transportation Highway
Hydraulic Manual" the current edition, hereinafter
referred to as "WSDOT Hydraulic Manual."
5. "Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds - Technical Release
No.SS- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation
Service, 1975" hereinafter referred to as "SCS Technical
Release No. 55."
6. "NOAA Atlas 2 Precipitation - Frequency Atlas of the
Western United States- Vol.IX, Washington," Soil
Conservation Service 1973.
7. "Storm Drainage Control - Storm Water Management
Practices" King County Department of Public Works,
Division of Public Works, Division of Hydraulics,
September 1979.
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8. "Urban Storm water Management - Special Report No. 49
American Public Works Association, 1981."
9. "Uniform Building Code, 1979" or current edition,
hereinafter referred to as "UBC."
10. "A Policy on Geometric Design of Rural Highways- 1965"
ASHTO.
11. "Geometric Design Guide for Local Roads and Streets,
Parts I and II, 1971 - ASHTO" hereinafter referred to as
the "AASHTO."
12. "Highway Functional Classification- Concepts, Criteria and
Procedures," U.S. Department of Transportation, 1974.
It is not intended to limit the designing engineer to the
above sources. When approved by the County Engineer,
other specification and /or references can be used for
technical guidance.
1.007 Variances
Any request for variance from these Standards shall be
submitted in writing to the County Engineer for review.
Proposed variances shall receive approval from the County
Engineer prior to construction. Variances. from these Standards
may be granted by the County Engineer upon submission of
satisfactory evidence that;
1. Extreme or unique topographic conditions, the nature of
existing structures, or a unique development design, such
as planned units developments and mobile home parks which
make adherence to these Standards undesirable or
impractical;
2. The variations are in the public interest;
3. The variations provide better quality elements at a
comparable or lower cost, or other compensating benefits
to the County, its residents and the public;
4. The variations are based upon sound engineering
judgement; and
5. Safety, function, appearance and economical maintenance
requirements are met.
This is interpreted to mean that variance requests will
be reviewed by consideration of each factor above. Any
factor not applying shall be noted "Not Applicable."
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1.008
1.009
Penalties
A. Failure to comply with these Standards will be cause for
withholding or withdrawing approval of permits, plans, or
plats, forfeiture of security, and /or other penalties as_
provided by law.
1.010
1.100
1.101
B. Whenever any work is being done contrary to the
provisions of these Standards, the County Engineer, or,
other administrative authority responsible for inspecting
the work, may order the work stopped by notice in writing
served on any persons engaged in the doing or causing
such work to be done, and any such persons shall
forthwith stop such work until authorized by the County
Engineer or the administrative authority to proceed with
the work.
Caveat and Disclaimer
It is the specific intent of this ordinance to place the
obligation of complying with its-requirements upon the owner
of the property or land within its scope, and no provision or
term used in this ordinance is intended to impose any duty
whatsoever upon the county or any of its officers or employees
running to any specific person or entity. Nothing contained in
this ordinance shall be construed as a guarantee or warranty
on the part of the county that site development has been or
will be accomplished in accordance with the provisions of this
ordinance, nor shall it be construed to create or form the
basis for any liability on the part of the county or its
officers, employees or agents for any injury or damage
resulting from the failure of an owner of property or land to
comply with the provisions of this ordinance, or by reason or
in consequence of any inspection notice, order, certificate,
permission or approval authorized or issued or done in
connection with the implementation or enforcement of this
ordinance, or by reason of any action or inaction on the part
of the county related in any manner to the enforcement of this
ordinance by its officers, employees, or agents.
Severabilitv
If any of these Standards as established by Ordinance shall be
found invalid, all other parts shall remain in effect.
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Definitions
The terms used in these Standards are defined below:
Access Easement. Provides access through private property for
purposes of maintenance of off - street facilities.
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Architect. An individual licensed by the State of Washington
to practice architecture.
Collector Arterial (Urban) . A public road whose function is to
collect traffic from neighborhoods and local streets and which
connects to another public road of equal or greater class-
ification. A collector arterial also may provide direct access
to adjacent properties. Through traffic is encouraged and
facilitated by movement preference at intersections with_
access roads and streets.
Commercial Street. Provides access to adjacent properties in
business, commercial, manufacturing and industrial areas.
Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan. A detailed analysis
adopted by the County for a watershed which compares the
capabilities and needs for runoff accommodation due to various
combinations of development, land use, and structural and non-
structural management alternatives. The plan recommends the
form, location, and extent of quantity and quality control
measures which optimally would meet legal constraints, water
quality standards and community standards and identifies the
requirements for plan implementation.
County. Whatcom County, a municipal corporation and a charter
county in the State of Washington.
County Engineer. The Whatcom County Engineer having
authorities specified in RCW 36.75.050 and RCW 36.80, or his
authorized representative.
County Road. A public road or street, which is maintained by
Whatcom County as part of the County's road system as
designated by the County Council.
Cul -de -sac. Short road or street having one end open to
traffic and being terminated by a vehicle turnaround, and
having as its primary function the provision of access to
adjoining properties.
Cut - and -fill. The process of earth moving by excavating part
of an area and using the excavated material for adjacent
embankments or fill areas.
Development Coverage. All developed impervious surface areas
within the subject property including, but not limited to
rooftops, driveways, carports, accessory buildings and parking
areas.
During construction, "Development Coverage" shall also
include, in addition to the above, the full extent of any
alteration of previously occurring soils, slope or vegetation
due to grading, temporary storage, or any other short -term
activity.
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Diversion. A channel with a supporting ridge on the lower side
constructed across or at the bottom of a slope for the purpose
of intercepting surface runoff.
Easement. An interest in land owned by another that entitles_
its holder to a specific or general use, such as an access for
construction or maintenance.
Engineer. An individual licensed by the State of Washington to,
practice civil engineering.
Excavation. Any act by which soil, sand, gravel, rock or any
similar material is cut into, dug, quarried, uncovered,
removed, displaced, relocated or bulldozed and shall include
the conditions resulting therefrom.
General Access Road /Street. A road or street whose primary
function is to provide direct access to adjoining properties,
but which also provides for traffic circulation within and
through a neighborhood.
Grading. Any act which changes the elevation of the ground
surface.
Groundwater. That water situated below the surface of the
land, irrespective of its source and transient status.
Half -Width Road /Street. Public right -of -way or private
easement, respectively for a road or street which is
constructed utilizing one -half the full width of right -of -way
required by these Standards and permitted as an interim
facility pending construction of the remaining width of the
road or street by the adjoining property owner.
Highway. As used herein, a major road owned and maintained by
the WSDOT.
Land Alteration. Shall mean those activities pertaining to
land clearing and earthwork, including compaction, excavation,
grading, filling, and stockpiling of a site.
Land Surveyor. A person licensed by the State of Washington to
practice land surveying.
Landscape Areas. For the purpose of these guidelines,
"landscape areas" means areas within County right -of -ways,
easements or drainage percolation areas intended or utilized
for the planting of trees, shrubbery or other plants. Such
areas include: Internal median areas, planter strips or
islands, and perimeter strips abutting lots.
Local Access Road /Street. Primary function is to provide
direct access to adjoining properties. Provides for
short - distance, intra - neighborhood traffic, and access to
higher classification roads and streets.
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Loop Road /Street. A road or street of limited length forming
a loop, having a' beginning and an ending on the same street,
having no other intersections, and having as its primary
function the provision of access to adjoining properties.
Major Collector Road (Rural) . A road connecting two or more
towns or communities, connecting two highways or equal or
greater capacity, or serving as the primary access to a large
land area. A major collector may also serve a large traffic.
generator (e.g., an industrial area) and perform a secondary
function of providing local access. Through traffic is
encouraged and facilitated by movement preference at
intersections. "Major Collector" (rural) may be referred to in
antecedent texts as "Major Arterials." In all such
cases, "Major Collector Road" shall be substituted for "Major
Arterial."
Minor Access Road /Street. The lowest level of County road or
street. Primarily functions to provide direct access to
adjoining properties. Provides for low- speed, low- volume
traffic, and access to roads and streets of higher
classification. "Cul -de- sacs" and "Loop Roads /Streets" are
examples of "Minor Access" roads and streets.
Minor Arterial (Urban) . A public road connecting two or more
roads of equal or greater classification, or connecting two or
more communities. A minor arterial may serve as an alternate
route to a higher classified road or a traffic generator of
medium importance, and serves as an additional function of
land service. Through traffic is encouraged and facilitated by
movement preference at intersections. Minor arterials (urban)
may be referred to in antecedent texts as "Secondary"
arterials. In all such cases, "Minor" shall be substituted for
"Secondary."
Minor Collector Roads (Rural) . The second highest level of
County rural road .collects and distributes traffic from
higher classification routes to access roads; serves locally
important traffic generators; provides access to adjacent
properties; and provides service to the remaining small
communities. Traffic movement in minor collector is given
preference over access roads and streets. "Minor Collector
Road" may be referred to in antecedent texts as "Minor
Arterials. " In all such cases, "Minor Collector Road" shall be
substituted for "Minor Arterial."
Peak Discharge. Maximum surface water runoff rate (cfs)
determined for design storm.
Principal Arterial (Urban) . A road connecting two or more
towns or communities, connecting two highways of - equal or
greater. capacity, or serving as the primary access to a large
land area. A "Principal Arterial" may also serve a large
traffic generator (e.g., an industrial area) and perform a
secondary function of providing local access. Through traffic
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is encouraged and facilitated by movement preference at
intersections with streets of lower classification. "Principal
Arterials" may be referred to in antecedent texts as "Major
Arterials." In such cases, "Principal" shall be substituted
for "Major."
Private Road. A road which is on private property and which is
maintained with private funds. No maintenance is performed by
the County, a municipality, or the WSDOT. Provides direct
access to adjoining properties for local traffic and-connects
to public access roads.
Public Road. A road which serves the general public, is within
• public right -of -way, and is maintained either by the County,
• municipality or the WSDOT.
Right -of -Way. A legal right of passage over a piece of land,
generally established by either dedication, ownership, or
easement.
Road. Connotes rural characteristics when used with a route
classification (See "Street "). Also connotes the combination
of roadway and right -of -way.
Roadway. The general term used to describe the strip of land,
structure, and surface treatment over which vehicles travel.
Roadway, as used herein, includes the area between the outside
edges of shoulders, or between curb faces, and excludes
ditches, curbs and sidewalks.
Rural. The general land use classification that identifies
those areas outside the "urban reserve" area and having
residential lot sizes greater than one (1) net acre.
Characterized by large areas of farmland, or natural and
underdeveloped lands. Also, for the purposes of Federal
funding through WSDOT, the "rural" area is that land outside
the boundaries of the Federally designated urban areas as
shown on the urban area maps on file with the WSDOT.
Sidewalk. A pedestrian access adjacent to or within the
right -of -way of a public road.
Street. Except where applied to a specific route
classification, "Road" and "Street" shall be considered
interchangeable terms for the purposes of these Standards.
When used with a route classification, connotes urban
characteristics.
Surface Waters. Waters which have been precipitated on the
land or forced to the surface in springs, and which have then
spread over the surface of the ground without being collected
into a definite body or channel. They appear as puddles, sheet
or overland flow and rills and continue to be surface waters
until they disappear by infiltration or evaporation, or, until
9
by overland flow, they reach well defined watercourses or
standing bodies of water such as lakes or seas.
Urban. General'land use classification which identifies those
areas inside the "Urban reserve area" as defined by the
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan with an intensive land use,
or having urban residential lot size characteristics equal to
one (1) net acre or less. Also, for the purposes of Federal
funding, through the WSDOT, the "Urban" area is that land .
within the boundaries of the Federally designated urban areas
(i.e., areas having population greater than 5,000 based upon
Bureau of the Census designation and criteria), as shown on
the urban area maps on file with the WSDOT.
Utilities. Any water, gas, sanitary or storm sewer,
electrical, telephone, drainageway, wire or television
communication service and all persons, companies, or
governmental agencies furnishing the same.
Walkway. A pedestrian access which is within a building site
envelope, total building complex, between lots, or adjacent to
or within the right -of -way of a rural .road. In most instances,
a walkway will also function as a bicycle access in which
cases the bikeway standards will prevail.
Watercourse. A definite channel with bed or banks within which
water flows, either continuously or in season, or as
underground stream. A watercourse is continuous in the
direction of flow and may extend laterally beyond the definite
banks to include overflow channels contiguous to the ordinary
channel. The term shall include constructed channels such as
canals and drains.
Wetlands. Those areas that are inundated or saturated by
surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient
to support and that under normal circumstances do support, a
prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in
saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps,
marshes, bogs, and similar areas.
1.102 Abbreviations
AASHTO American Association of State Highway
Transportation Officials
ADT Average Daily Traffic
APWA American Public Works Association
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
DHV Design Hourly Volume
DOT Federal Department of Transportation
Oull
and
FHWA Federal Highway Administration (under the DOT)
NOAA National Oceanic and Aerospace Administration
RCW Revised Code of Washington: Legislated requirements_ _
of the State of Washington
SCS U.S. Soil Conservation Service
UBC Uniform Building Code (1979)
WAC Washington Administrative Code - Requirements
developed by State of Washington agencies
WSDOT Washington State Department of Transportation
1.200 INSPECTION
1.201 Basis for Control of the Work
A. Work performed within the public right -of -way, or as
described in these Standards, whether by or for a private
developer, by County forces, or by County contractor,
shall be done to the satisfaction of the County Engineer
and in accordance with approved construction plans.
It is emphasized that no work may be started until such
plans are approved, except for emergency repairs and
regularly scheduled ditch cleaning, mowing and bank
stabilization. Any revision to such plans shall be
approved by the County Engineer before being implemented.
A set of "as built" drawings will be required at the
completion of the project, prior to final acceptance.
(See Section 2.002)
B. The County Engineer shall have authority to enforce the
Standards as well as other referenced or pertinent
specifications. He will appoint designees as necessary to
inspect the work and they will exercise such authority as
the County Engineer may delegate.
1.202 Inspection Secxuence
On all development road and drainage construction and work
performed within the County right -of -way, inspections will be
done under the control of the County Engineer, his designated
inspectors or by other inspectors as deemed necessary by him.
Unless otherwise instructed by the County Engineer, the
inspections will be made as follows:
Inspection No. 1 Temporary sedimentation - erosion control in
accordance with approved plans.
Inspection No. 2 Underground drainage, at stage that trenching
and placing of pipe are complete but prior to cover.
11
Inspection No. 3 Underground utilities, including drainage,
shall be inspected during backfilling for compliance with
State or APWA Standard Specifications.
Inspection No. 4 General roadway at stage that drainage_
system, underground utilities, and roadway grading to suitable
subgrade are complete, including gravel ballast, if required.
Inspection No. 5 General roadway, at stage that base course.
has been placed, as well as curbing, if required.
Inspection No. 6 General roadway, at stage that crushed
surfacing course as been placed prior to paving.
Inspection No. 7 General roadway, while paving is in
progress.
Inspection No. 8 Overall roadway, after paving, cleaning of
drainage system, and all necessary cleanup.
Inspection No. 9 Monument inspection.
Inspection No. 10 Final inspection of all roadway and related
improvements at the end of the maintenance period prior to
release of security.
Structural Inspections: At critical stages of foundation,
placement and assembly of components, and final completion and
test, as directed by the County Engineer.
1.203 Developers Required to Notify
The developer shall notify the County Engineer's office at
least twenty -four (24) hours in advance of each required
inspection. Failure to comply will necessitate appropriate
testing and certification as directed by the County Engineer.
Costs of such testing and certification shall be borne by the
developer. At the time that such action is directed by the
County Engineer, no further work will be permitted on the plat
until all tests have been completed and all corrections have
been made to the satisfaction of the County Engineer.
1.204 Revisions to Inspection Sequence
If the developer believes that the inspection sequence
indicated above does not fit the requirements of his project,
he should make his request to the County Engineer in
sufficient time to permit revision of the inspection schedule.
1.205 Recuired Inspection to be Performed by Developer or Other
Acrencies
When it is determined by the County Engineer that the work
being performed requires quality control inspection, the
developer or agency performing the work shall be required to
12
1.206
1.300
1.301
furnish a qualified inspector(s) . All inspection work
performed shall be coordinated with the County Engineer's
representative.
Materials Sampling and Testing
Materials sampling and testing shall be at a frequency and
magnitude to be determined by the County Engineer or his
designated representative. It shall be at the County.
Engineer's discretion as to whether the testing and sampling
shall be performed by County personnel or by a private testing
laboratory. Certified test reports shall be furnished for all
tests performed by private testing laboratories.
SECURITIES
Performance Securities
In lieu of completing required road and /or drainage
improvements prior to plat recording or development approval,
the developer may post a security with the County Engineer's
office to guarantee completion of said improvements and shall
conform to the following conditions:
A. The security shall be equal to 1250 of the construction
estimates approved by the County Engineer.
B. The security shall be of a form approved by the
Prosecuting Attorney's Office. Types of securities
include, but are not limited to cash deposits, assigned
savings and performance bonds.
C. The security shall be for two (2) years at which time it
may be extended at the option of the County Engineer. A
new amount will be calculated at a time of any
extensions.
D. The security shall be used by the County Engineer to make
the required improvements if these improvements are not
made in the allotted time.
E. On new roads and drainage facilities, ninety (90) percent
of the security may be released upon completion and
approval of the work by the County Engineer. The
remaining ten (10) percent or $5,000 (whichever is
greater) shall be held until the facilities are
provisionally accepted for maintenance security has been
received.
F. On existing established County roads, ninety (90) percent
of the security may be released upon completion of the
work and approval of the County Engineer. The remaining
ten (10) percent or $5,000 (whichever is greater) may be
released upon receipt of the maintenance security.
13
1.302 Maintenance Securities
Prior to satisfactory completion of road and /or drainage
facilities to be maintained by the County as a condition of
acceptance of such facilities by the County, the developer
shall post a maintenance security with the County Engineer's
office which conforms to the following:
A. The security shall be in effect for 1) two years from the
date of provisional acceptance of new road and drainage
facilities for maintenance, or 2) one year from the
release of the remaining ten percent of the performance
security for established roads.
B. The maintenance security shall be for an amount of ten
(10) percent of the construction cost estimate or $5,000
(whichever is greater).
C. The security shall cover the costs for defects in design,
materials and workmanship of streets, sidewalks, curbs,
and /or drainage facilities as determined by the County
Engineer throughout the maintenance period.
D. The release of this security on the effective date shall
be for the amount of security minus the cost of any
maintenance work required to be done by the County.
1.303 Permit Bonds
A surety commensurate with the extent of work to be done may
be posted with the County Engineer's Office prior to the
issuance of a permit to work within County roads.
14
DIVISION 2
ROADS AND RELATED WORK
2.000 CONSTRUCTION PLANS
2.001 Submittal Procedure
Plans for proposed road construction, as governed by these
Standards, shall be prepared and submitted in accordance with
the following:
A. When road construction is required within County
right -of -way or proposed County right -of -way by a
subdivision ordinance, PUD ordinance, or major
development permit, a complete set of horizontal plans
and vertical profiles, together with applicable drainage
and erosion - sedimentation control plans, shall be sub-
mitted to the County Engineer for review and approval.
Submittal requirements shall also apply to private road
construction serving subdivisions, PUD's, and similar
residential, commercial, or industrial developments.
Plans shall be prepared, signed, and sealed, and
submitted to the County Engineering Division by the
designing engineer retained by the developer. Final
horizontal plans and profiles, drawings, and Drainage
plan must have the approval of the County Engineer prior
to any construction, or recording of a plat. In addition
to the provisions herein, the drainage and erosion
sedimentation control plans shall be in accordance with
the requirements outlined in the Stormwater Drainage and
Land Alteration sections.
B. Plans for County force or County contract construction
shall be submitted according to instructions from the
County Road Engineer. Plans shall be approved by him and
if necessary by higher funding authority prior to
construction.
2.002 General Formattinct
General formatting, copying, and submittal process shall
include:
A. For private developers:
1. Plan sheets and profile sheets, or combined plan
and profile sheets, and detail sheets as required,
shall be good quality reproducible, mylar or equal,
all in sheet sizes 22" x 36 ".
2. First Submittal: Two complete sets of prints from
the reproducible of: the road plans, including
15
2.003
plan, profile, utilities such-as sewer and water if
any, and other related facilities together with any
detail sheets. The Drainage Plan and calculations
and /or the grading' and erosion/ sedimentation
control plans shall be submitted in accordance
Chapter 2 Stormwater Management and Land Alteration
section. Both may be incorporated with the road
plans. If corrections are required, the check
prints will be returned to the designing engineer.
3. Subsequent Submittal: Complete set of original
plans, two complete sets of prints of the plans,
and one set of calculations, as corrected; and the
full set of the check prints and calculations. Upon
approval. by the County Engineer, the original set
of plans will be signed and returned to the
designing engineer.
4. As -Built Submittal: Prior to final acceptance of
any road, structure, or facility for maintenance by
the County, a complete set of good quality
reproducible copies of the corrected plans (mylar
or equal) shall be submitted to the County Engineer
by the designing engineer. Such drawings shall
describe any and all revisions or additions to the
approved plans. On the first page of these
drawings, the engineer shall make the following
statement:
"I hereby certify that the improvements
in development name have been inspected
and constructed in conformance with the
plans approved by the County Engineer for
said development and the general
specifications adopted by the Whatcom
County Department of Public Works."
(Stamp)
B. For County Design Staff:
1. Plans for County Contract construction shall be
submitted and approved according to instructions
from the County Engineer and applicable funding
authorities.
Horizontal Plan
Horizontal plan elements shall include the following:
A. A vicinity map shall be drawn on the cover sheet at an
appropriate scale to show the proximity of the project to
major roadways or towns.
16
B. Road alignments with 100 -foot stationing, reading from
west to east /south to north, and stationing at points of
curve, tangent, and intersections with ties to sections
and /or quarter corners surrounding the improvement.
C. Section, Township, Range with breakdown to subdivision or
short plat boundaries.
D. Bearings and distances on center lines. Note: Washington
State Coordinate Systems preferred, others to be"
specified.
E. Curve data, including radius, delta, arc length, and
tangent distance on all horizontal curves.
F. Right -of -way_ lines and width for proposed road and
intersecting roads.
G. All topographic features within right -of -way limits and
sufficient area beyond to resolve questions of setback,
slope, drainage, access onto abutting property, and road
continuations. A minimum of 50. feet shall be shown on
either side of centerline, and minimum of 200 feet shall
be shown from the terminus of a road, or such additional
terrain as directed by the County Engineer.
H. All existing and proposed utility locations.
I. Identification of all roads and adjoining roads and
subdivisions.
J. All traffic control and street signing locations.
K. Existing and proposed drainage features, indicating
direction of flow, size, and kind of each drainage
channel, pipe, and structure and other requirements as
specified in the Section 2.006.
L. Scale 1" = 501. However, 1" = 100' shall be optional for
development of lots one acre or larger. Details for
clarification may be shown on convenient scale.
M. North arrow.
N. When the plan view extends over more than one sheet, then
the first sheet shall show an overall development layout,
with the relationship of roads, utilities, drainage,
lots, and other features clearly indicated, including
street names /numbers and lot numbers. When more than five
sheets are used, the first sheet shall show a table of
contents and an index sheet.
O. Sidewalk and wheel chair ramp locations shall be shown.
17
P. Mailbox locations shall be indicated when concrete
sidewalks are to be constructed. Block out shall be
provided. Also, all street lighting shall be located, if
applicable.
Q. Temporary erosion/ sedimentation control measures -as
specified in Section 2.007.
R. Other data necessary for the specific project.
S. The general notes shall list the specifications and
design standards utilized.
2.004 Profile Elements
Profile elements shall include the following:
A. Original ground line along centerline and right -of -way
lines at 100 -foot stations and at significant ground
breaks and topographic features, with accuracy to within
0.1 feet on unpaved surfaces and 0.02 feet on paved
surfaces. When roads extend to the perimeter of the
project, the ground lines shall be extended at least 200
feet to show any changes in contour which might affect
the profile of the proposed road.
B. Final road, sewer, water and storm drain profile with
stationing same as horizontal plan, reading from left to
right, to show stationing of points of curve, tangent,
and intersection of vertical curves, with elevations to
0.01 feet. Ditch profiles are required in rural road
sections.
C. Urban profiles shall be clearly labelled to show both
curbs and centerline. Rural profiles shall be clearly
labelled generally to show only centerline, except as
required by the County Engineer. Values for grade and
length of vertical curve shall be shown with the
profile(s) on a numbered grid.
D. Superelevation data shall be included for all roadways.
E. A profile of curb returns showing the stations and
elevations of the beginning, mid - point, and ending of the
curb return.
F. Datum used and all benchmarks, which refer to established
control when available. Note: United States Coast and
Geodetic Survey (USC & GS) preferred.
G. Vertical scale 1" = 51, generally. Vertical scale can be
1" = 101, if optional 1" = 100' horizontal scale is used
on developments of lots one acre or larger. Clarifying
details may be done to a convenient scale.
18
H.
2.005
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
2.006
2.007
2.100
Other data necessary for the specific project.
Typical Cross Section
Widths of pavement, curb, walks, ditches, and
right -of -way.
Type of curb.
Depth of gravel base, crushed surfacing, and hard
surfacing.
Type of sub -grade soil.
Slope of crown, gutter depth.
Total width from centerline to curb, plus width of new
pavement on widening of existing streets.
A separate, full -width roadway typical section for each
street or portion of street having a different section.
All other data necessary for a specific project.
Drainage Plan
Reference shall be made to Chapter 2, Stormwater Management,
for drainage plan requirements. This drainage plan shall be
submitted either integral with the above plan and profile for
the road design, if graphic space permits, or on separate plan
and data sheets. In either case, the drainage plan shall
include runoff calculations keyed to topographic maps;
location, specific size, grade, and elevation data on all
hydraulic features; and facilities for retention and /or
detention.
Temporary Erosion - Sedimentation Control Plan
A temporary erosion /sedimentation control plan, showing the
control measures intended to minimize the effects of erosion
due to construction operations and their locations shall be
submitted with the construction plans in accordance with the
provisions of Chapter 2, Stormwater Management.
2.101
ROAD TYPES AND GEOMETRICS
General
A. County roads are categorized as urban and rural.
1. Urban Streets: Roads serving single and
multi - family residential, commercial,
institutional, industrial, and similar relatively
dense developments and which are normally within
the urban area. These routes are primarily
W
classified by function and include the following
categories:
Arterial Streets
Access Streets
Principal
Minor
Collector
General
Local
Minor
2. Rural Roads: Routes which serve land areas and
land -uses outside the urban boundary. They are
classified both by function and ADT. Following are
the classifications applicable to Whatcom County
Roads:
Collector Roads Major
Minor
Access Roads General
Local
Minor
Rural roads serving commercial, industrial, or
residential development with urban type densities shall
conform to the applicable urban road standards.
B. In addition to the urban and rural categories, .County
roads are classified functionally as indicated in
Sections 2.102 through 2.105. The classifications are
defined in Section 1.101. Based on these classifications,
the criteria for right -of -way, road width, and other
geometrics shall be as stated. Function is the
controlling element for classification with access,
spacing, ADT, and DHV as secondary considerations.
Variance to these standards may be granted by the County
Engineer consistent with the provisions of Section 1.007.
C. Terrain classification is a basis for further breakdown
of geometric requirements.
1. Flat terrain is that condition where highway sight
distances, as governed by both horizontal and
vertical restrictions, are generally long or could
be made to be so without construction difficulty or
major expense. The general land slope is from zero
to and including 8 percent.
2. Rolling terrain is that-condition where the natural
slopes consistently rise above and fall below the
highway grade line and where occasional steep
slopes offer some restriction to normal highway
horizontal and vertical alignment. The general land
20
slope is from 8 percent to and including 13
percent.
3. Mountainous terrain is that condition where
longitudinal and transverse changes in the_
elevation of the ground with respect to a highway
are abrupt and where the roadbed is obtained by
frequent benching or sidehill excavation. The
general land slope exceeds 13 percent.
Terrain classification pertains to the general character of
the. specific route corridor. Roads in the valleys or passes of
mountainous areas that have all the characteristics of roads
traversing flat or rolling terrain should be classified as
flat or rolling. In general, rolling terrain conditions cause
trucks to reduce to speeds below those of passenger cars on
some sections of highway, and mountainous terrain causes some
trucks to operate at crawl speeds.
21
2.102 RURAL ROADS
TABLE 1
ROADWAY CLASSIFICATION
ACCESS ROADS
COLLECTOR ROADS
AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC (ADT)1
MINOR
I LOCAL I
GENERAL
MINOR AND MAJOR
UNDER 100
UNDER 400
100 2000
UNDER 400
400 -2000
ABOVE 2000
DESIGN SPEED2 (MPH
Flat
Rolling
Mountainous
30
25
20
35
30
20
50
40
30
50
45
35
55
50
40
60
50
40
MAXIMUM GRADE3.4(%
Flat
Rolling
Mountainous
12
15
10
12 1
10
12
8
10
8
1 10
7
1 10
N. STOPPING SIGH DISTANCE
Sight distance shall be greater than min. stopping sight distance
determined b design speed and grade (Section 2.110).
HORIZONTAL CURVATURE
See Section 2.
MAX. SUPER ELEVATION M
2
4
IN. TRAVELWAY
WIDTH (ft.)
-Lane
22
22
-Lane
-
-
-
-
-
HOULDER
WIDTH (ft.)
Each Side
6
ROADWAY WIDTH
(ft.)
2 -Lane
26
30
34
30
36
44
-Lane
-
-
-
-
-
IN. ROADWAY
WIDTH
BETWEEN
CURBS (ft.)
-Lane
-
-
-
-
-
-
-Lane
-
-
-
-
-
N. RIGHT-OF-WAY
-Lane
60
60
60
60
60
WIDTH7.8
- ane
-
-
-
-
NEW BRIDGES
Roa w�y
Width
1 bridges shall have a roa way w� great er an min. roadway
width above.
Ver ica
Clearance
feet minimum.
--Die-sign
Live -Load
AASHTO H - 44 (minimum).
MIN. INTERSEL11UN UtfbtT
SPACING (ft.)
150
150
0
N. HALF-WIDTH
-
-
NOTES:
1. ADT shall be based on a 10 -year traffic projection, at a minimum.
2. Design speed is a basis for determining geometric elements and does not imply posted or legally
permissible vehicle speed.
3. Maximum grades may be exceeded, subject to the County Engineer's approval, provided that:
A. No practical alternative exists.
B. ADT is under 250, and grades are relatively short and do not exceed 150% of the value shown.
C. Any grade 12% or over shall extend no further than 600 -feet without being interrupted by an
intersection or a "landing ", with a maximum eight -foot difference in
elevation over a distance of 100 feet. Grades not to exceed 20 %.
D. Any grade 12% or over shall be paved with asphalt concrete (A.C.) or Portland Cement
concrete.
4. A climbing lane may be required by the County Engineer if warrants are met in accordance with
AASHTO. ( Collector or higher classification roads only.)
5. Shoulders shall be widened two feet where guardrail is planned.
6. A Curb section, when required by the County Engineer, shall conform to urban
street design standards.
7. Right -of -way widths shall be increased where warranted by geometric requirements. See Sec.
2.120.
8. For county roads, right -of -way widths of less than 60 feet must be individually approved by the
County Council per RCW 36.86.010. Minor access roads are exempt.
9. Bridge roadway width shall be measured between curbs or between faces of bridge railing,
whichever is less.
-22-
2.103 URBAN STREETS
TABLE 2
ROADWAY CLASSIFICATION
ACCESS
ARTERIALS
AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC (ADT)
MINOR
LOCAL
GENERAL
COLLECTOR
MINOR I
PRINCIPAL
UNDER 100
UNDER 1000
OVER 400
-- I
--
MAXIMUM GRADE2 (%)
at
Rolling
Mountainous
6
�-
N. STOPPING
Sight istance sha a greater t an min. stopp ng sigh s ante
determined by desi n s eed and grade (Section 2.110).
HORIZ. CURVATURE3
Flat
Rolling
Mountainous
MAX
D°
MIN.
R'
MAX.
D°
MIN.
R°
MAX
D°
MIN.
R°
MAX.
D°
MIN.
R'
MAX
D°
MIN
R'
MAX.
D°
IN.
R'
3U_
3
UPERELE VAT ION
N. TRAVELWAY
WIDTH (ft.)
2 -Lane
-
-
-
24
24
-
- ane
-
-
-
HOUL R
WIDTH (ft.)5
ach e
-
-
-
ROADWAY WIDTH
(ft.)
-Lane
-
-
-
-Lane
-
-
-
-
N. ROADWAY
WIDTH
BETWEEN
CURBS (ft.)
-Lane
24
28
36
36
44
-
-Lane
-
-
-
446
486,/
RIGHT-OF-WAY
WIDTH (ft.)8.9
-Lane
-
-Lane
-
-
600
7010
NEW BRIDGE
Roa wp�
Widths
A r ges shall have a roadway width greater than min. roadway
width above.
Vert ca
Clearance
feet minimum.
_96-sign
Live -Load
AASHTO H - 44 (minimum).
N. INTERSECTION
SPACING (ft.)
0
N. HALF-WIDTH
PAVED WIDTH (ft.)
-
-
-
NOTES:.
1. Basic values. Actual design value(s) shall be at the discretion and direction of the County
Engineer. Design speed is a basis for determining geometric elements and does not imply
posted or legally permissible speed.
2. Maximum grades may be exceeded subject to the County Engineer's approval, and provided that:
A. No practical alternative exists.
B. ADT is under 250, and grades are relatively short and do not exceed 150%
of the value shown.
C. Any grade 12% or over shall extend no further than 600 -feet without
being interrupted by an intersection of a "landing ", with a maximum
eight -feet difference in elevation over a distance of 100 feet.
D. Any grade 12% or over shall be paved with asphalt concrete or Portland
Cement concrete.
E. Grades shall not exceed 20%.
3. Horizontal curvature is a basis for determining geometric elements and does not imply posted
or legally permissible speed, or standard crown section.
4. Shoulders or curb section shall be at the discretion of the County Engineer.
5. Shoulders shall be widened two feet where guardrail is planned.
6. No Parking. Add four feet for parking one side, 10 feet for parking both sides, 12 feet for
parking both sides on bus route.
1. 44 feet may be used in severely restricted right -of -way.
8. Right -of -way widths shall be increased where warranted. See Sec. 2.120.
9. For county roads, right -of -way widths of less than 60 feet must be individually approved by
the County Council per RCW 36.86.010. Minor and local access roads are exempt.
10. Curb sections. Add 10 feet when shoulder sections are used.
11. Bridge roadway width shall be measured between curbs or between faces of bridge rails,
whichever is less. -23-
2.104 Cul -de -Sac
Classification: A dead -end, minor access street.
Criteria:
A. Geometrics of stem section are same as for minor access
streets.
B. Minimum right -of -way width across bulb section: 100 -feet
in urban curb and gutter sections; 90 -feet in rural
shoulder and ditch.
C. Minimum pavement width across bulb: 80 -feet in urban curb
and gutter section; 70 -feet in rural shoulder and ditch.
D. Cul -de -Sac Island: Optional feature providing at least
20 -feet of paved traveled way in a rural shoulder and
ditch section, and 30 -feet of paved traveled way in a
curb and gutter section around circumference. In such
cases, the island shall have concrete vertical curb and
be grassed or landscaped. It shall be maintained by the
adjoining lot owners.
2.105 Commercial Streets
Classification: This is a subclassification of any street that
provides local access to abutting commercial or industrial
properties and carries significant truck traffic.
Criteria:
A. Design Speed
B. Minimum right -of -way width
C. Minimum pavement width
D. Type of curb
E. Minimum stopping sight distance
F. Maximum grade
G. Maximum super elevation
35 -MPH
60 -feet
40 -feet
Vertical curb & gutter
300 -feet
8 percent
.04 -ft /ft
The main geometric difference between these and other street
criteria is the minimum width of 40 -feet. The width must be
sufficient to accommodate both significant through traffic and
frequent local truck movements such as backing, turning, and
positioning for loading. A base design will be required to
determine surfacing depths.
24
2.106 Private Street
Classification: A private street is a privately owned street
for direct access to private land for local traffic movement
and connects to local public access, collectors or arterial__
roads and streets.
Criteria for Authorization: Private streets will be permitted
when so provided in appropriate ordinances or at the
discretion of the County Engineer when:
A. Covenants have been approved and recorded with the County
which provide for maintenance of the private streets and
associated parking areas by owners in the development,
including placing of liens upon non - payment of fees, and
B. Provision is made for the roads to be open at all times
for emergency and public service vehicle use, and
C. The private streets will not obstruct public street
circulation, and
D. At least one of the following conditions exist:
1. Existing abutting development precludes the
construction of a public street, or
2. Topographic, geological or soil conditions make
development of a public road undesirable, or
3. The streets are within a private community with a
corporate identity, or
4. Neighborhood traffic circulation and lot access can
be. met more logically by private streets than by
public streets.
Criteria for Construction: Private streets shall conform to
these standards. However, it is intended that a broader
flexibility will be granted proposed variance requests than
given for public streets. See Standard Drawings A -1 and A -6
for minimum specifications.
W
2.107 P.U.D. Streets
All streets within planned unit developments shall be
consistent with street and right -of -way widths, geometrics and
other requirements for street design and construction of these
standards. However, the minimum right -of -way and pavement
width for private and public access streets exclusively
serving the needs of a development may be reduced if adequate
consideration of the following factors is made during the
review of a planned unit development request:
1. Provision of off - street parking;
2. Restriction of on- street parking;
3. Provision of adequate clearance for emergency vehicles;
4. Provision of clear vision at intersections;
5. Provision of alternative bicycle and /or pedestrian paths;
6. Service of not more than 100 average daily trips for the
narrowest roads;
7. Provision of turn - arounds at acceptable intervals for
two -way streets; and
8. Provisions of adequate utility easements outside of road.
9. Future revision or extension of street is not
contemplated.
2.108 Expressways
Expressways are higher classification roads which are usually
State or Federal responsibility. In the event that the County
has jurisdiction over the construction or improvement of such
a facility, the work shall be done in accordance with
appropriate State or Federal standards.
2.109 Other Road Design Criteria
Alternate criteria under recognized road classifications, such
as those of the current Local Agency Guidelines as prepared by
the WSDOT, may be applied by the County.
2.110 Sight Distance
A. Stopping Sight Distance Roadway geometrics shall be
designed to provide sight distance equalling or exceeding
the values given in Table 3. (Stopping sight distance is
measured from an eye height of 3.50 feet to an object
height of 0.5 ft.)
26
B. Passing Sight Distance. Sight distance for arterials
(urban) and Collectors (rural) shall equal or exceed
the values given in Table 4 (sight distance is measured
from an eye height of 3.50 ft. and an object height of
4.25 feet).
Minimum Passing
Design Speed(mph)
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
TABLE 4
Sight Distance
Di stance ( feet )
900
1100
1300
1500
1650
1800
1950
2100
27
TABLE
3
Minimum Stopping
Sight
Distance
feet)
Design Speed
Roadway Grade
(mph)
+15%
+10%
+5%
0%
-5%
-10%
-15%
25
150
150
150
150
150
175
175
30
175
175
200
200
200
225
250
35
225
225
250
250
275
300
350
40
250
275
300
325
350
400
450
45
300
325
350
375
425
500
600
50
375
400
425
475
525
600
750
55
425
450
500
550
625
725
900
50
500
525
575
650
725
850
1075
B. Passing Sight Distance. Sight distance for arterials
(urban) and Collectors (rural) shall equal or exceed
the values given in Table 4 (sight distance is measured
from an eye height of 3.50 ft. and an object height of
4.25 feet).
Minimum Passing
Design Speed(mph)
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
TABLE 4
Sight Distance
Di stance ( feet )
900
1100
1300
1500
1650
1800
1950
2100
27
C. Minimum Sight Distance at Intersections. Roadways or
driveways intersecting with other roadways shall be
designed to provide sight distances equalling or
exceeding the values given in Table 5 (corner sight
distance is measured 15 feet from the edge of the
intersection travelled roadway and from an eye height_
of 3.50 feet and an object height of 4.25 feet).
TABLE 5
Minimum Sight Distance at Intersections
Prevailing or Posted Speed of
Intersected Roadway(mph) Distance feet)
25 250
30 300
35 350
40 400
45 450
50 500
55 550
60 600
2.111 Roadway Alignment
A. Horizontal Curves: The following factors should be
considered when establishing roadway alignment: design
speed, public safety and comfort, topography,
aesthetics, land use, physical features, and
availability of right -of -way. In general, alignment
should be as consistent as possible with the
topography; long tangents should be at least 200 -feet
and in no event less than the distance required to
complete the superelevation transition per AASHTO.
Circular curves shall be used; except that upon
approval by the County Engineer, compounded curve may
be used for special or channelized turning lanes.
Where restrictive conditions exist, the minimum
horizontal curve radius shall be determined as follows:
28
R = Minimum Horizontal Radius centerline, in feet
VZ
15 (e +f)
Where: V = Design speed in miles per hour (mph)
e = Superelevation (road section cross
slope), in feet per foot
f = Side friction factor
(for V less than 30 mph, f =0.16; for V greater
than 30 mph, F shall be reduced 0.005 for each 5
mph increase in V)
Radii shall be rounded to the next higher even multiple of
five (5) -feet.
Curves may either be expressed in terms of radii or degree
of curvatures where:
D = Degree of curvature
= Angle subtended at the center of curve by an
arc of 100 -feet in length
= 5,729.578/R
Values of D shall be rounded to the nearest even multiple of
0.5- degrees.
B. Vertical Curves: Symmetric, parabolic curves shall be
used. The minimum length of vertical curve shall be
computed from the formula:
L =KA
Where: L = The length of vertical curve, in feet
K = A constant for design
A = The algebraic difference in grades, in
percent
K is constant for each design speed and its selection for
crest vertical curves is based on stopping sight distance
requirements. For sag vertical curves, K is based on headlight
29
stopping distance. The following K values for crest and sag
curves at various design speeds shall be used.
TABLE 6
K Values
Design Speed Crest Curve Sacs
25 15 22
30 28 35
35 35 40
40 55 55
45 73 70
50 85 75
55 139 100
60 160 105
Vertical curves are not required where the algebraic
difference in grades is less than one percent (1%). Vertical
curves shall be of sufficient length to provide adequate sight
distance but in no case, shorter than 50 -feet.
C. Minimum Street Grades
Straight sections of roadway shall have a minimum grade of
0.4% provided that roadways with grades between 0.401 and 0.8%
shall have an integral curb and cutter (Section 2.213).
Straight sections of roadway may have a grade less than 0.4%
if the pavement is cement concrete and drainage inlets are
spaced no further than 150 -feet apart.
2.112 Medians
Optional design feature. A median shall be additional to,-not
part of, the specified width of traveled way. Edges shall be
similar to outer road edges: either urban, extruded or formed
vertical curbs; or rural, shoulder and ditch; except that
median shoulders shall be minimum 4 -feet in width. Medians may
be grassed, landscaped, or surfaced with aggregate or
pavement. Medians shall be designed so as not to limit turning
radii or sight distance at intersections. Plants used for
landscaping shall: not exceed three (3) -feet in height above
the road surface or four (4)- inches in trunk diameter
(caliper) at maturity; and not extend beyond the neat lines of
the median onto the roadway. Additional right -of -way shall be
provided for the median.
30
2.113
2.114
fm
Street Ends
Cul -de -sacs shall be provided at all public street ends.
See Section 2.104 for details.
B. Hammerheads may be used in lieu of a cul -de -sac provided
that the street serves six.or less lots or the street is
less than 200 feet in length. Minimum width shall be 45
feet.
C. Temporary Dead Ends. Where a street is temporarily
dead - ended, provisions for a turnaround must be provided
where the road is longer than one hundred and fifty (150)
feet. The turnaround may be a hammerhead or a cul -de -sac
with a minimum radius of 25 -feet.
Intersections
Intersections of roads shall be designated in accordance with
the following criteria:
A. Angle of intersection 850 TO 950
B. Minimum centerline radius (2 -lane) 55 -feet
C. Minimum curb radius 35 -feet
D. Minimum property line radius 25 -feet
E. Minimum stopping sight distance: See Section 2.110
F. Minimum centerline offset of adjacent streets from
intersection or low speed curves:
1. All access streets and any combination: 150 -feet
2. Access streets, and collector streets, crossing or
connecting to any collector or arterial; or
arterials intersecting arterials: 3'00 -feet.
G. On sloping approaches at an intersection, landing not to
exceed one foot difference in elevation for a distance of
30 -feet approaching an arterial or 20 -feet approaching a
residential street, measured from nearest right -of -way
line of the intersecting street.
2.115 Connections of State Highways and New County Roads
The developer shall prepare and submit to the County Engineer
a design of the proposed State Highway- County /Private Road
Intersection acceptable to the Washington State Department of
Transportation. WSDOT approval of the proposed design must be
received prior to the filing of the plat or construction..
Improvements of the State Highway are to be the responsibility
31
of the developer and may either be constructed or a bond to
cover the cost of such improvements furnished to the County
Engineer in the amount as determined by the County Engineer
and the WSDOT.
2.116 Railroad Grade Crossing
As a minimum, standard signs and markings in accordance with
the MUTCD shall be installed at all railroad- street grade
crossings.
Flashing light signals and gates which indicate the approach
of presence of trains shall be installed at those
railroad- street crossings where studies by the County Engineer
indicate the need of warning beyond that provided by standard
signs and markings. The crossings shall be designated in
accordance with the current WSDOT Design Manual.
2.120 Dedications
A. Right -of -way shall be dedicated for streets and other
improvements as required per Sections 2.102 through 2.105
to accommodate motorized and non - motorized
transportation, parking, utility and buffer requirements. -
Some reduction in the minimum right -of -way requirement
may be granted by the County Engineer where it can be
demonstrated that sufficient area has been provided for
all functions within the right -of -way and in alternate
locations. The minimum right -of -way requirements for
urban minor and local streets can be reduced to the
widths indicated in Section 2.103, if geometrics
requirements and provisions for utility installations and
maintenance are met. Wherever utility.and maintenance
easements are required beyond the existing right -of -way
requirements, necessary easements shall be provided.
Unless already allowed -in these Standards, right -of -way
widths less than 60 feet require specific approval of the
County Council per RCW 36.86.010. Right- of- way.widths
greater than 60 feet may be required along State routes
or County roads where geometric factors warrant.
B. Easements shall be provided for all public systems as
required. Specific requirements for sewer water, and
storm drainage easements are detailed in the relevant
chapters. Particular design features of a road may
necessitate slope, retaining wall or drainage easements.
Such easements may be required by the County Engineer in
conjunction with dedication or acquisition of right -
of -way and other standard easements.
C. Access Easements. Where it is necessary to facilitate
pedestrian circulation between neighborhoods, schools,
shopping or other activity centers in addition to that
provided for adjacent to a street, public access
easements shall be dedicated. Access easements shall be
32
a minimum of ten feet wide. Structure setbacks (other
than accessory) may be a minimum of fifteen feet from the
edge of the easement. Improvements to the easements shall
include a sidewalk or trail consistent with other
non - motorized facilities in the area. Fences may be_
constructed along access easements.
D. In short subdivisions, minimum private roadway easement
width shall be thirty feet. In addition, rights -of -way
may be required to be dedicated as permitted by State law
as a condition of approval of the short subdivision to
provide additional width to conform to minimum standards
where the short plat abuts an existing public street or
to provide right -of -way for the extension of existing
public streets or new streets to provide compatibility
with the area's circulation system.
2.200 ROADSIDE FEATURES
2.201 Urban Pedestrian Facilities
A. Sidewalks shall be provided on both sides of all
arterial, collector, general and local access, and
commercial streets in urban areas.
B. Sidewalks shall be provided on one side of streets in the
following cases:
1. On all minor access streets, cul -de -sacs and loop
roads serving ten dwelling units or more, or with a
future development potential of ten dwelling units
or more.
2. On all perimeter arterial and collector, or
half -width streets of a development.
C. Requirements A and B may be waived or modified in the
following instances:
1. On existing streets where it would be unduly
difficult or impractical to construct a sidewalk
due to grade or slope problems.
2. In developments where the basic design for an
internal walkway system; provided that said walkway
is an improved surface and provision for
maintenance of the walkway is guaranteed.
D. Urban sidewalks shall be constructed with cement
concrete, or approved equal. Sidewalks shall be at least
four (4) -feet in width, and four (4)- inches or five
(5) - inches in depth, depending on location. In commercial
or industrial area where buildings are closer than ten
(10) -feet to the edge of right -of -way, the sidewalks
shall be at least eight (8) -feet in width. Sidewalk con-
33
figuration shall be in accordance with the APWA Standard
Specifications, except that planting strips may be
deleted if consistent with adjoining sidewalks and
approved by the County Engineer. Construction joints and
other details for cement concrete sidewalks shall conform_
to APWA Standard Specifications.
E. Facilities for the Handicapped: Ramps are required at
curbs per RCW 35.68.075.
2.202 Rural Pedestrian Facilities
A. Walkways shall be provided on both sides of all public
roads having a potential ADT of 100 vehicles or more in
rural areas.
B. Walkways shall be provided on one side of public roads
adjoining any development creating additional pedestrian
movement. The perimeter road shall have a potential ADT
of 400 vehicles or more.
C. Requirements A and B may be waived or modified in the
following instances:
1. On existing streets where it would be unduly.
difficult or impractical to construct a walkway due
to physical conditions.
2. In developments where the basic design allows for
an internal walkway system, provided that said
walkway is an improved surface and provision for
maintenance of the walkway is guaranteed.
D. Minimum walkway improvements shall be four feet in width
and surfaced with crushed rock material. When a walkway
is incorporated into the road shoulder, the typical
roadway section shall govern. Paved shoulders shall be
required when walkway is combined with bikeway. Bikeway
standards specified in Section.2.204 shall apply.
2.203 Bikeway Classification and Arplicability
A. Bikeways shall be classified as follows:
Class I: A completely separate right -of -way designated
for the exclusive use of bicycles. Cross flows
by pedestrians and motorists are minimized.
Class II: A restricted right -of -way designated for the
exclusive or semi - exclusive use of bicycles.
Through travel by motor vehicles or
pedestrians is not allowed. However, vehicle
parking may be allowed. Cross -flows by
motorists, for example, to gain access to
34
driveways or parking facilities is allowed;
pedestrian cross - flows, for example, to gain
access to parked vehicles or bus stops or
associated land use, is allowed.
Class III:A shared right -of -way designated as such by
signs placed on vertical posts or stenciled on
the pavement. Any bikeway which shares its
through- traffic right -of -way with either or
both moving (not parking) motor vehicles and
pedestrians is considered Class III bikeway.
B. Applicability: Bikeways shall be provided when called for
in an approved Whatcom County planning document, or when
traffic analysis shows substantial bike usage which would
benefit from a designated bike facility.
2.204 Off - Street Bikeway Standards
A. Generally, a separated bikeway requires a minimum 15 -foot
right -of -way. Vegetation shall be cleared to a minimum of
2 -feet from the edge of the bikeway surfacing. An
approved herbicide shall be applied before placement of
the base course. The bikeway shall be sloped to provide
run -off, and ditches shall be provided where necessary.
In special cases, catch basins and drains may be
required.
B. The minimum width of a two -way bikeway facility is six
(6) feet, but the desirable width is eight (8) feet.
Where crowding is not a factor, a bike route can be
established in conjunction with sidewalks or walkways. A
minimum of two (2) feet extra is required, extending the
total width of the facility to seven (7) feet. Heavily
used urban bike routes shall be a minimum of eight (8)
feet in width.
C. Avoidance of long steep grades is an important
consideration. A 10% grade is a desirable maximum.
D. Where bikeways and walkways intersect with traffic, sight
distance, marking, and signalization (if warranted) shall
be provided in accordance with 'the MUTCD.
2.205 Roadway Bikeway Standards
For bikeways in a paved shoulder or space next to a curb, the
following specifications shall apply:
A. Where parked cars are prohibited, bike lanes shall be a
minimum of f ive ( 5) - f eet in width, with an eight ( 8) - foot
width preferred. This width may be narrowed to a minimum
of four (4) -feet to accommodate turn lanes approaching
intersections.
35
B. Where parked cars are permitted, space to be shared by
both bikes and parked cars shall be a minimum of twelve
(12) -feet in width with a thirteen (13) -foot width
preferred.
C. Such lanes shall be signed as needed for one -way, with
traffic. They should be demarcated from vehicular travel
lanes by white striping as required by the County
Engineer. Such lanes either can be one side, if the road_
network provides a workable one -way couplet of parallel
routes, or on both sides.
D. Bike lanes where parking is prohibited shall be signed as
needed to permit encroachment by motor vehicles, with
caution, at driveways and intersections, and to make
momentary curbside passenger or service stops, but not
for parking.
E. All signs and markings shall conform to the MUTCD,
current edition.
2.206 Surfacing Requirements for Pedestrian and Bike Facilities
Crushed
Crushed Surface Portland
Asphalt Surf. Top Base Cement
Type of Facilities Concrete Course Course Concrete
1. Sidewalks
2. Bikeways
Alternative I 2"
Alternative II 3MIT
Alternative III
3. Walkways
2" 411 (Class 3000)
1'M11 2M"
(or 4" Class B gravel)
2" 2M "(Rural areas only)
(or 4" Class B gravel)
211 2'M"
(or 4" Class B gravel)
When a walkway or bikeway is incorporated into a road shoulder, the
required shoulder section, if higher strength, shall govern.
NOTE: Asphalt treated base may be substituted for asphalt
concrete in temporary surfacing or in leveling course in
the ratio of four parts thickness of asphalt treated base
to three parts asphalt concrete. Three inches asphalt
treated base may be substituted for total four inches of
crushed surfacing top and base courses.
1911-
2.210 Side Slopes
A. Side slopes shall be constructed no steeper than 1M to 1.
Flatter slopes are preferred and may be required if there
are indications that the earth is unstable and subject to
sliding or sloughing.
B. Side slopes shall be stabilized by grass sod or seeding,
or by other planting or surfacing materials acceptable to
the County Engineer.
2. 211 Driveways
A. Type.
Driveways that serve a single dwelling unit or .a joint
driveway serving two (2) single dwelling units are
residential and all others shall be considered as
commercial.
B. Specifications:
1. All driveways shall have a Whatcom County Revocable
Encroachment Permit.
2. Driveway construction shall not be allowed before
issuance of the Permit.
C. Requirements:
1. Permissible dimensions, slope, and detail shall be
as indicated in Drawings Nos. B -1, B -2, and B -3,
and as further specified in the following
subsections.
2. Conditions of Approval of New Driveways:
a. Driveways directly giving access onto
arterials may be denied if alternate access is
available.
b. All abandoned driveway areas on the same
frontage shall be removed and the curbing and
sidewalk, or shoulders and ditch sections,
shall be properly restored.
C. Maintenance of driveway approaches, including
drainage culverts, shall be the responsibility
of the owner whose property they serve.
d. Every driveway must provide access to an off
street parking area located on private
property. Every vehicle entering the driveway
must be able to park, stand, or load entirely
off the street right -of -way, sidewalk, or
37
pathway. An adequate turn- around area shall
be provided for any driveway off arterial
roads, so vehicles exit the property in a
forward motion.
e. No driveway shall be allowed to a public -or
private parking area in conjunction with
industrial, commercial, multiple - family
dwelling, or any like use that requires a
vehicle to back out on to any street.
f. No driveway shall be.so constructed in such a
manner as to be a hazard to any existing
drainage inlet, culvert, street lighting
standard, utility pole, traffic regulating
device, fire hydrant, or other public
facility. The cost of relocating any such
public facility, when necessary to do so,
shall be borne by the applicant. Said
relocation of any public facility shall be
performed only through the agency holding
authority for the particular structure
involved.
g. All surface drainage from driveways must be
contained and directed to the open ditch
and /or curb and gutter section. No surface
drainage shall be allowed to flow onto the
County road surface.
h. For driveways crossing an open ditch section,
culverts shall be 12 inches in diameter or
larger if so required to carry anticipated
storm water flows. The culvert size shall be
as approved by the County Engineer.
D. Location and Width of New Driveways. Refer to Drawing
No.B -3.
1. No portion of any driveway shall be permitted
within 35- feet of the intersection point of County
right -of -way lines for access roads. On arterials
and collectors, the distance shall be 100 -feet.
2. On frontage 75 -feet or less, no more than one
driveway shall be constructed; on frontages over
75 -feet, two or more driveways may be permitted,
subject to approval by the County Engineer.
3. Joint -use driveways serving two adjacent parcels
may be built upon formal written agreement of both
property owners and approved by the County
Engineer.
3:3
2.212 Rock Retaining Walls
A. Rock retaining walls may be used for the containment of
cut or fill embankments up to a maximum height of 8 feet
in stable soil conditions which will result in no
significant foundation settlement or outward thrust upon
the walls. See Drawings Nos. B -13 through B -15. For
heights over 8 feet or when soil is unstable, a
structural wall designed by an engineer qualified in
retaining wall design shall be used.
B. Materials
1. Size categories shall include:
Two -man. rocks (300 to 600 pound), 13" in least
dimension;
Three -man rocks (800 to 1200 pounds), 16" in least
dimension;
Four -man rocks (1500 to 2200 pounds) , 18" in least
dimension.
Four -man rocks shall be used for bottom course rock in
all rock retaining walls over 6' in height.
2. The rock material shall be as nearly rectangular as
possible. No stone shall be used which does not
exceed through the wall. The rock material shall be
hard, sound, durable, and free from weathered
portions, seams, cracks, and other defects. The
rock density shall be a minimum of 160 pounds per
cubic foot..
C. The retaining wall shall be started by excavating a
trench, not less than six (6) inches in depth.
D. Rock selection and placement shall be such that there
will be a minimum of voids and, in the exposed face of
the wall, no open voids over six (6) inches across in any
direction. The final course shall have a continuous
appearance and be placed to minimize erosion of the
backfill material. The larger rocks shall be placed at
the base of the rockery so that the wall will be stable
and have a stable appearance. The rocks shall be placed
in a manner such that the longitudinal axis of the rock
shall be at right angles or perpendicular to the rockery
face. The rocks shall have all the inclining faces
sloping to the back of the rockery. Each course of rocks
shall be seated as tightly and evenly as possible on the
course beneath. After setting each course of rock, all
voids between the rocks shall be chinked on the back with
quarry rock to eliminate any void sufficient to pass a 2
inch square probe.
W*
E. The wall backfill shall consist of quarry spalls with a
maximum size of four (4) inches and a minimum size of two
(2 ) inches. This material shall be placed to an eight ( 8 )
inch minimum thickness between the entire wall and the
cut or fill material. The backfill material shall be
placed in lifts to an elevation approximately six (6)
inches below the top of each course of rocks as they are
placed, until the uppermost course is placed. Any
backfill material on the bearing surface of one rock.
course shall be removed before setting the next course.
F. When a sidewalk is to be built over a rock retaining
wall, the top of the wall shall be sealed and leveled
with a cap constructed of Cement Concrete, Class C, in
accordance with the applicable provisions of Section 6 -02
of the State Standard Specifications, but with reduced
water content resulting in slump of not over two (2)
inches.
G. The location of the rock or structural retaining walls
shall not restrict sight distance as detailed in the
Title 20, Official Whatcom County Zoning Ordinance.
2.213 Curbs and Gutters
A. Curb and gutter shall be utilized for street edges
whenever possible and shall always be used under the
following conditions:
1. Street grade is less that 0.8 percent.
2. On sections of roadway where the grades exceed 10
percent.
3. On frontages with commercial usage.
B. Vertical curb shall be used for edges of islands and may
also be used for street edges where curb and gutter is
not required.
C. Thickened edge may be used on private streets when
approved by the County Engineer.
D. Refer to Drawing No. A -9 for details.
2.214 Curb Ramps
On all streets with vertical curb, ramp sections to facilitate
passage of handicapped persons shall be constructed through
curb and sidewalk street intersections and other crosswalk
locations. See Drawing Nos. B -4 and B -5. Where a ramp is
constructed on one side of the street, a ramp shall also be
provided at a corresponding location on the opposite side of
the street.
40
2.215 Survey Monuments
A. All existing survey control monuments which are
disturbed, lost, or destroyed during construction or
maintenance shall be replaced by the responsible party at__
his own expense. A land corner record shall be filed by
a licensed land surveyor with the County Auditor and the
County Engineer, showing methods used to establish the
monuments' position and references.
B. Survey control monuments shall be placed or replaced in
accordance with recognized good practice in land
surveying, and in conformance with all applicable State
and local regulations. The control and boundary survey
shall be tied to the Washington State Coordinate system
per RCW 58.29 if suitable control is available within one
(1) mile of the survey.
C. Survey monuments shall be placed at all exterior boundary
corners of plats.
D. Standard survey monument shall be cast in concrete,
reinforced with a 5/8" (No. 8) reinforcing bar, and have
a 2" minimum brass cap with a 2" shank. See Drawing No.
B -7.
E. A brass disk encased in concrete shall be placed at all
points of curves, points of tangent, intersections, and
as needed for intervisibility in streets. See Drawing No.
B -8.
F. A brass disc encased in concrete shall be placed at the
intersection of road centerlines with plat boundary
lines. (Drawing No. B -8).
G. A signed and sealed statement from the developers' land
surveyor that all monuments and lot corners indicated on
the plat have been set will be received by the County
before release of the road maintenance bond.
2.216 Mailboxes
A. Mailboxes, in the general case, shall be set so the
bottom or base of the mail box is between 38" and 44"
above road surface for both urban delivery and rural
delivery. U. S. Postal Service approval is required.
B. The type of mailbox and its location shall be approved by
the U.S. Postal Service. The installation shall not
create a roadway obstruction or restrict sight distance.
C. When mailboxes are located in the sidewalk, individually
or in clusters, sidewalk alignment shall be such that the
distance from the back edge of the sidewalk to the
mailbox is not less than four feet.
41
2.217
2.220
Guardrail
Guardrail shall be provided as specified in the WSDOT Design
Manual.
Cross sections shall be submitted to assure proper guardrail
location.
The guardrail shall conform to Standard Plans entitled "Beam.
Guard Rail ", "Beam Guard Rail Anchors ", and "Beam Guard Rail
Details "m or "Concrete Median Barrier" with related details.
Traffic Control
A. Signing: All traffic control devices shall conform to the
MUTCD. Within public right -of -way the County shall
install all traffic control signs which shall include but
not be limited to street name, stop, dead end, and
pedestrian signing, except for private road signing. The
developer shall be responsible for the cost of materials
and installation. The cost of installing all signs shall
be paid to the County before a plat is recorded; or in
other cases, before a building permit is issued. Refer to
Drawing No. B -10 for signing private roads.
B. Pavement Marking: In new plats or for commercial
developments, pavement markings include buttons,
striping, and delineators may be required to provide
roadway safety. Such markings shall be provided by the
developer. All materials shall conform to the State
Standard Specifications. All work shall be approved by
the County Engineer prior to installation.
C. Construction Requirements: It is the responsibility of
the developer to provide adequate traffic control to
ensure traffic safety during construction activities. All
construction signing shall conform to MUTCD.
2.221 Street Illumination
A. Requirements: Street lights may be required in urban
plats and commercial and industrial developments.
Luminaries conforming to the guidelines of WSDOT Design
Manual or equivalent, shall be provided at intersections
and at other locations and intervals as required by the
County Engineer. All luminaries maintained by Puget Power
shall be subject to their approval.
B. Plats: The design for street lights required or requested
in new urban plats shall be submitted before final plat
is accepted. All street light maintenance and power costs
shall be the developer's or homeowner's responsibility.
C. Commercial /Industrial: Street lights required in
commercial areas shall be provided at the time of
42
2.222
construction. The developer or property owner shall be
responsible for all street light maintenance and power
costs.
Landscaping
The following guidelines will be utilized in evaluating and
administering proposed or existing landscaped areas within
County road rights -of -way.
A. Design: Whenever a developer proposes landscaped areas,
including the location and type of plantings, drainage
ways and such other features as may be required by the
County Engineer and, if applicable, the County Parks
Director:
1. Such plans shall show in detail the proposed areas,
location and type of plantings, drainage ways and
such other factors as may be required by the County
Engineer.
2. If the proposed areas are sufficiently extensive or
sensitive, the County Engineer may require that the
plan be prepared by a licensed landscape architect.
3. All median areas shall utilize low maintenance
plantings. .
4. Such plans shall be approved or disapproved by the
County Engineer based upon such factors as traffic
safety, effect on road maintenance and
extensiveness or likelihood of adequate upkeep by
lot owners.
B. Maintenance: Maintenance of landscape areas and survival
of the plantings, other than in median and specifically
identified drainage courses, shall be the responsibility
of the developer and successor owners of lots adjoining
landscaped areas, unless the County Parks Department
accepts maintenance.
If not adequately maintained, the County may take such
corrective action as deemed necessary. Any plantings or
other improvements within the right -of -way by abutting
property owners are subject to removal when the right -of -
way is needed for public use. The property owner is
responsible for removing any landscaping or other
improvements upon official notice.
Initial installation and maintenance for a two -year
period shall be the responsibility of the developer, who
shall secure such performance by filing an appropriate
bond. Subsequent to such two year period, maintenance
responsibility shall either pass to the County Parks
Department or to a homeowners association (where such an
43
2.400
2.401
2.402
entity is otherwise to be created) or to individual lot
owners, at the option and direction of the County.
C. The final plat of any subdivision containing landscape
areas should contain substantially the following caveat:
"The areas designated as ,
although falling within dedicated County road
right -of -way, shall be maintained by the developer and
its successor and assignees for plantings: PROVIDED, that
such areas or their use for landscaping, may be reduced
or eliminated by Whatcom County if deemed necessary for,
or detrimental to County road purposes."
ROADWAY BASES AND SURFACING
General Requirements
All bases and surfacing shall be constructed in accordance
with the WSDOT Standard Specifications.
Access Streets
The following are minimum requirements. Actual requirements
will vary depending upon soil conditions and traffic volume.
A. Surfacing: Class "B" asphalt - 2" minimum compacted depth
for minor and local access roads. 2%11 minimum compacted
depth for general access roads. Portland concrete cement
street sections are allowable. Dimensions shall be
derived from design procedures.
B. Roadway Bases: 8" compacted depth Class B gravel, or 6"
minimum compacted depth crushed rock base course.
Two -inch compacted depth, 5/8" minimum crushed surfacing
top course.
C. Alternatives for Roadway Base: A minimum of 6" of asphalt
treated base (ATB) may be substituted with the approval
of the Engineer for the typical roadway base. The ATB
shall be placed in lifts no deeper than 311. If existing
soil and drainage conditions permit, the wearing course
can be reduced to 1%11 compacted depth of Class "B"
asphalt.
D. Requirements on a Poor Subgrade: The minimum material
thickness indicated on the standard roadway sections are
not acceptable if there is any evidence of instability in
the subgrade. Instability includes but is not limited to
free water, swamp, fine grained or organic soils, slides
or uneven settlement. When these problems exist, the soil
shall be sampled and tested sufficiently to establish how
well it can support the proposed construction. Remedial
measures may include stronger paved sections and
strengthening of the subgrade by the use of an asphalt
44
treated base ATE, or a more extensive drainage system may
be needed. Both the soils analysis and the resulting
pavement design shall be subject to review and approval
by the Engineer.
2.403 Arterials, Collectors, and Commercial Streets
The .roadway section of arterials, collectors, and commercial
streets shall be designed with regard to the load bearing
capacity of the soils and the traffic - carrying requirements of
the roadway. Plans shall be accompanied by the soils and
traffic analysis on which design is based. In no event shall
surfacing requirements be less than in Section 2.402.
2.404 Unopened Public Rights -of -Way
Requirements and definitions are spelled out in Ordinance No.
80 -1 as adopted by Whatcom County Council dated January 10,
1980. See Drawing A -2 for minimum improvement standards
applicable to unopened public rights -of -way.
2.600 UTILITIES
2.601 Franchising Policy
Utilities to be located within the County road right -of -way
shall be constructed in accordance with current franchise and
permit procedure and in compliance with these standards. In
their use of the right -of -way, utilities shall be given
consideration after the traffic - carrying requirements of the
roadway which are, namely, to provide safe, efficient, and
convenient passage for motor vehicles, pedestrians, and other
traffic. Aesthetics shall be a consideration. As a matter of
policy, undergrounding of utilities will be strongly
encouraged, particularly in urban development.
2.602 Utility Locations
Utilities within the right -of -way on new roads or in roadways
where existing topography, utilities, or storm drawings are
not in conflict, shall be located as shown on the typical
sections, (Drawing Nos. D -1 and D -2) and as indicated below.
Where existing utilities or storm drains are in place, new
utilities shall conform to these Standards as nearly as
practical and yet be compatible with the existing installa-
tions. All utilities shall be buried at least 36 inches deep
from finished grade, excluding storm drains which shall have
a minimum cover of 12 inches. Where utilities are placed in
the ditch area the buried depth shall be at least 30 inches
below the bottom of the ditch. Exceptions shall be approved
when necessary to meet the - special requirements or
restrictions.
45
A
2.603
Gas and Water Lines:
1. Shoulder- and -ditch section:
If practical: Outside of ditch line.
Otherwise: In shoulder 3 feet from edge of
pavement.
2. Curb and gutter section:
Preferable: 1.5 -feet back of curb, or at a distance
which will clear root masses of street trees if
these are present or planned for.
Otherwise: Twelve (12) -feet from centerline for
access streets, and fourteen (14) -feet from cen-
terline for collectors and arterials. Mains and
service connections to all lots should be completed
prior to placing,of surface materials.
3. Designated side of centerline:
GAS: SOUTH AND WEST
WATER: NORTH AND EAST
B. Sanitary Sewers: Five (5) feet either side of centerline;
depth to be approved by Engineer. Wherever possible,
sanitary sewers proposed on existing roads shall consider
locating outside road right -of -way within separate
easements.
C. Gravity Systems: Whether sanitary or storm drainage,
these shall have precedent over other systems in planning
and installation.
D. Electric Utilities, Power, Telephone, Cable TV:
Preferable: Underground, either side of road at plan
location and depth of at least 36 inches.
Otherwise: On poles set back of ditch line or sidewalk,
at locations compatible with driveways, intersections,
and other essential road features. To extent practical,
utilities should share facilities so that a minimum of
poles are needed and preferably on only one side of road.
Utilities Installations in New Developments or Inside
County Riaht -of -Way.
A. Pole utilities and underground utilities, including
service crossings, shall be installed or relocated prior
to the start of road construction if planned road cuts
Erl
2.604
and fills are minimal and location of road elements can
be clearly indicated in advance. Otherwise such
utilities, with connections, shall be installed or
relocated after the subgrade has been completed but
before surfacing has been placed.
B. All utility installations inside unmaintained County
right -of -way shall be done under a Revocable Encroachment
Permit, approved by the County Engineer.
C. Pipe materials and overall installation work shall be in
accordance with the current edition of WSDOT or APWA
Standard Specifications.
Utility Installations on Existing Maintained County
Right -of -Way
A. As a matter of policy, utility trenching or transverse
cuts in County roads will be discouraged. They will not
be permitted unless it can be shown that alternatives,
such as boring or jacking or relocating outside of the
paved area are unfeasible, or unless the utility can be
installed just prior to reconstruction or overlay of the
road.
B. In instances where trenching or cutting is permitted, the
following. procedures will apply: Pavement patching shall
include cutting existing pavement, removal of existing
pavement, preparation /placement, and compaction of
backfilling material, placement and compaction of
aggregate base material, temporary patch (if required),
application of tack coat, and construction of asphaltic
concrete or Portland cement concrete pavement "patch" in
accordance with the applicable sections of the current
edition of the WSDOT or APWA Standard Specifications and
the following:
1. Pavement Cutting: The existing pavement shall be
first cut by an appropriate means to facilitate
removal. Immediately prior to placement of the
permanent "patch ", the existing pavement shall be
cut with a saw along rectangular lines as shown on
the plans or as directed by the Engineer. The pave-
ment shall he removed so as to provide a firm,
neat, straight, vertical edge to join. The
Contractor shall be responsible for maintaining the
edge. Additional saw cuts will be required to
correct broken or damaged edges.
,2. Backfilling: Backfilling shall be done in
accordance with the WSDOT Standard Specifications,
Section 7- 04.3(3), or equivalent. Minimum width of
trench shall be two (2) feet to accommodate
vibratory compactor.
47
3. Temporary Pavement Patching: A temporary two -inch
thick cold asphalt plant mix patch may be required
to be placed and maintained over the trench area
until final settlement is satisfactory to the
County Engineer. The temporary patch shall -be
removed and the existing pavement cut before per-
manent repairs are made.
4. Permanent Pavement Repair: The structural section
of the patch shall be equal to the section of the
existing pavement, but in no case shall the
thickness of asphaltic concrete be less than two
(2) inches. Full depth asphaltic concrete patches
shall be placed in layers not exceeding three (3)
inches with adequate compaction.
5. Tack Coat: A tack coat shall be uniformly applied
to all edges to be joined and lapping six (6)
inches over the existing pavement. The lines from
the new asphalt pavement shall be raked over the
tack coat, feathered and rolled or tamped to seal
the joint.
6. Asphaltic Concrete: Asphaltic concrete used for
patching shall be Class "B" and shall be furnished,
placed, and compacted in conformance with State or
APWA Standard Specifications.
7. Portland Concrete Cement: Portland cement concrete
mix used for patching shall be a 6.5 sack mix and
shall be furnished, placed, and compacted in
conformance with the State or AWPA Standard
Specifications.
C. Permanent pavement restoration shall be performed
according to Drawing Nos. D -3 and D -4. Performance bonds
may be required to guarantee final restoration work.
D. No person, firm, or corporation shall commence work or
permit any person, firm, or corporation to commence work
on the construction, alteration, repair, or removal of
any utility or the cutting and /or paving of any street,
alley, or other public place in Whatcom County without
first obtaining a Revocable Encroachment Permit, except
under emergency conditions.
2.700 BRIDGES AND RETAINING WALLS
2.701 Bridge Design Criteria
Bridges, whether on public roads or on private roads, shall be
designed and constructed to meet the minimum requirements set
forth in the AASHTO Bridge Specifications. All new bridges
48
shall be designed to carry an AASHTO HS 20 -44 live load or
greater, unless otherwise approved by the County Engineer.
In the general case, the bridge roadway shall comprise the
full width and configuration of the road being served, - to
include the travelled way plus curbs, shoulders, sidewalk,
walkway, and /or bike lane_. Requirements of utilities shall be
duly considered.
Bridge design shall be prepared by a Professional Civil
Engineer licensed by the State of Washington. Final approval
shall be made by the County Engineer.
2.702 Retaining Wall Desicrn Criteria
Retaining walls on_ public or private roads shall be designed
and constructed to meet the minimum requirements of the AASHTO
Bridge Specifications.
3.100 LAND ALTERATIONS SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS
3.101 Relationship with Drainage Submittal
When land alteration activities are associated with any of the
permits and /or approvals specified in Section 1.002 of these
Standards, the provisions for land alteration review and plan
submission shall be found therein under the appropriate
subsections.
In addition, supporting data consisting of a soils engineering
report and /or engineering geology report prepared by an
engineer, geologist, or hydrologist with demonstrated
qualifications may be required when the County Engineer
determines that the location and /or nature of the proposed
land alteration deems it necessary.
A. A soil engineer report shall include data regarding the
nature, distribution, and strength of existing soils,
conclusions, and recommendations for grading procedures
and design criteria for corrective measures when
necessary, and opinions and recommendation covering
adequacy of sites to be developed.
B. An engineering geology report shall include an adequate
description of the geology of the site, conclusions and
recommendations regarding the effect of geologic
conditions on the proposed development, and opinions and
recommendations covering the adequacy of sites to be
developed.
3.102 Other Land Alteration Actions
Any persons conducting land alteration work but is not
required to obtain one of the permits and /or approvals
M]
specified in Section 1.002 of these Standards may or may not
choose to submit information showing the extent and nature of
the proposed work to the County Engineer, or building official
for approval. However, such persons are responsible to insure
that the land alteration work is done to satisfy the purpose
and intent of these Standard or risk the penalties for failure
to comply with those identified in Section 1.008, General.
Whenever the County Engineer or building official determines
that any existing land alteration on private property has
become a hazard to life and limb, or endangers property, or
adversely affects the safety, use, or stability of a public
way or drainage channel, the owner of the property upon which
the land alteration work is located, or other person or agent
in control of said property, upon receipt of notice in writing
from the County Engineer or building official shall within the
period specified therein, repair or eliminate the land
alteration so as to eliminate the hazard and be in conformance
with these Standards.
50
INDEX TO DRAWINGS
51-
EASEMENT WIDTH 30' OR (60'
q.' I6 - 24'
oz l
Oz: 1
SUBGRADE .02-1 /
/ 2" COMPACTED DEPTH E /g`- 0 CRUSHED SURFACING TOP COURSE
8" COMPACTED DEPTH GRAVEL OR 6" OF III2 0 CRUSHED SURFACING BASE COURSE
NOTES , I) GRAVEL ROADS SERVING MORE THAN Z LOTS SHALL HAVE A PAVED APPROACH
TO INT"e.RSE.CTINC> COUNTY ROAD EXTENDING FROM PROPERTY LIME.
2� MAXIMUM GRADE IS IZ'7o WHICH MAY BE EXCEEDED PROVIDING NO PRACTICAL
ALTERNATIVE EXISTS AND SUBJECT To APPROVAL of THE ENGINEER.
3) ROADS SERVING 6 OR LESS LOTS SHALL BE GRADED THE. FULL 24- WIDTH
UNLESS IT 15 PROVEN IMPRACTICAL.
p0 n.37 SCALE
45 MINIMUM HAMMERHEAD
CONFIGURATION
� I
TURN- AROUND I I
AREA —► :o
I PAVED APRON SHALL BE
I
?'COMP DEPTH ASPHALT
� I
I
IS` MIN. RADIUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT
..
I
I =
� u
F
—'I A
I
RIGHT OF WAY LINE I
CLASS S (3S MIN.
ISO. VARIES I RADIUS)
Ib� MIN.
Y
v I
o r— EASEMENT WIDTH VARIES
I 30' To 60'
I
COUNTY_ ROAi
PAVEMENT
TVPI CAL INTERSECT ION
Q
t`
Z
W
W
�
W
d
a -I
zz
m
d
D Q
a 'A
� G
Q
T
Q
�
o
a
=
J
i Q
o
I .fl N ►'
—
o
Z
W
v
ul
_
-0-0-00
2 i
►"
N
�
�
3
p0 n.37 SCALE
45 MINIMUM HAMMERHEAD
CONFIGURATION
� I
TURN- AROUND I I
AREA —► :o
I PAVED APRON SHALL BE
I
?'COMP DEPTH ASPHALT
� I
I
IS` MIN. RADIUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT
..
I
I =
� u
F
—'I A
I
RIGHT OF WAY LINE I
CLASS S (3S MIN.
ISO. VARIES I RADIUS)
Ib� MIN.
Y
v I
o r— EASEMENT WIDTH VARIES
I 30' To 60'
I
COUNTY_ ROAi
PAVEMENT
TVPI CAL INTERSECT ION
Q
W
�
a
zz
m
c
a
~
00
—
of
—
o
�
►"
W
N
— N
1�
O
ur
a
o
✓7
p0 n.37 SCALE
45 MINIMUM HAMMERHEAD
CONFIGURATION
� I
TURN- AROUND I I
AREA —► :o
I PAVED APRON SHALL BE
I
?'COMP DEPTH ASPHALT
� I
I
IS` MIN. RADIUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT
..
I
I =
� u
F
—'I A
I
RIGHT OF WAY LINE I
CLASS S (3S MIN.
ISO. VARIES I RADIUS)
Ib� MIN.
Y
v I
o r— EASEMENT WIDTH VARIES
I 30' To 60'
I
COUNTY_ ROAi
PAVEMENT
TVPI CAL INTERSECT ION
Q
s
40' MIN. (URBAN)
SOS MIN. (RURAL)
4." OF I'/2 0 CRUSHED SURFACING i3ASE
;
.., -ii�d",—
NOTES : 1) ALL DISTURBED GROUND INCLUDING GRADED ROADWAY SHALL BE SEEAED AND NAVE A SATISFAC-TORY
STAND OF GRASS PRIOR TO FINALIZATION OF PERMIT.
2) THE ENTIRE SUSGRADEE AND ALL SURFACING MATERIALS SHALL BE COMPACTED WITH APPROVED
COMPACTION EQUIPMENT TO 950/a Of! THE MATERIALS MAXIMUM DENSITY.
3) MAINTENANCE OF TI{E PUBLIC ROAD IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE INDIVIDUALS HOLDING AN
ACCESS PERMIT.
4) CONTACT COUNTY DIVISION OF ENGINEERING
FOR ADDITIONAL CRITERIA AND REQUIREMENTS
FOR OPENING PUBLIC RIGHTS - OF -WAY.
DO NOT SCALE
A -Z
�Is
z_
f
�N
N
2'
05:1
N11I =111 I-_iI10011INI
.02:1
R/W (MIN.
r
I LIGHT BITUMINOUS
I TREATMENT CLASS A
PER WA• STATE SPECS.
OR EQUIVALENT. /
11 l-mjPfMI I 1 I= j IIr-- H11) X111 =1111 IIII�IIL�
•��cFEeREp
?" MIN. COMP. DEPTH CRUSHED SVRFACING
TOP COURSE INCLUDING SHOULDERS.
13„ MIN. COMP. DEPTH CLASS B GRAVEL OR 46" MIN. COMP. 11/2' -O
CRUSHED SURFACING BASE COURSE.
NOTE5. I) IN THE CASE OF PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT, LIGHT BITUMINOUS SURFACE TREATMENT CLSST) MAY BE VSEb IN AREAS WHERE NO
PARCEL of LAND MAY bE SOLD THAT IS LESS THAN S ACRE.5 IN SIZE AND WHERE ADT WILL NOT EXCEED 400. WHEN
PROPERTY BEING DEVELOPED IS PHYSICALLY SEPARATED 1 /4• MILE OR FURTHER FROM A NAIZb SURFACED COUNTY ROAD,
THE CONNECTING ACCESS MAY 13E SURFACED WITH 1.13ST.
2) THE LEST SECTION SHALL CONSIST OF TWO ASPHALT
APPLICATIONS FOLLOWED WITH A SEAL COAT APPLIED LIGHT BITUMINOUS SURFACE
WITHIN ONE YEAR OF THE SECOND ASPHALT APPLI -
CATION. TREATMENT SECTION
DO NOT SCALE
MINOR ACCESS ROARS
WHATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF' PUBLIC WORKS
' A-3
s
s
$O MINOR ACCESS
60 LOCAL GENERAL ACCESS
3o'- 34'
3
z �
_�N I
N _
•� 7• �� .D• �• •e' •o o p.O • •O. •O moo• •O .O• •�_ •O• C •O .0 •p• C -p e• �:�
ry. , S: ipRF
Mqx R,pFo
* SEE SECTION 2, /OZ 2 MIN. COMP. ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT CLASS B FOIZ -MINOR
AND LOCAL ACCESS ROADS (2'/?" MIN. Foil. GENERAL ACCESS RoADS).
2" MIN. CoMP. 5/50 -0 CRUSHED SVRFACING TOP COURSE .
S" MIN. COMP. r-LASS 5 GRAVEL OR 6MIN. COMP. IYy-0 CRVSHED SVRFACING
SASE COURSE.
NOTES= 1) THIS DRAWING ILLUSTRATES A TYPICAL ASPHALT CONCRETE ROAD SECTION. INCREASED THICKNESS OF
SURFACING MATERIALS MAY BE REQUIRED AS PER SECTION 2.402
2) SHOULDERS SHALL. OE PAVED FULL WIDTH AND MINIMUM 2 INCHES DEPTH WHERE BIKE WAVS ARE REQUIRED.
3) 6 " MINIMUM COMPACTED DEPTH OF ASPHALT TREATED BASE MAY BE SUBSTITUTED FOR THE BASE
AND TOP COURSES.
4) SHOULDER WIDTH SHALL. BE WIDENED TO
6' WREN POTENTIAL ADT EXCEEDS 400. LOCAL, MINOR, $ GENERAL ACCESS ROA
Do NOT SCALE
A -4
T
3
d
_z
f O2 I
'i '� 3• \per �ao�� o. " � -� °. �.
* SEE SECTION 2.102.
60' MIN. (2- LANE)*
* It
II'- 12' 4 '-6,
I
.02 to o. o- - .05 =1
.o .•0 - 'o - . o . /,S PROF
501bGRAbE SLOPE of l
�� MAxRaFo
' COMPACTED pEPTN
ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENT CLASS B .
COMP, 518"-0 CRUSHED 5URFACINGG TOP COURSE.
COMP, CLASS B GRAVEL OR COMP 1 %Z" 0 CRUSHED
SURFACING BASE COURSE,
NOTES I) THIS DRAWING ILLUSTRATES A TYPICAL ASPHALT CONCRETE ROAD SECTION. ACTUAL SURFACING SHALL. g6 BASED
ON SOILS AND TRAFFIC ANALYSES AS PER SECTION 2.403
2) EQUIVALENT ASPHALT TREATED SASE MAY BE USED.
3) SHOULDERS SHALL SE PAVED FULL WIDTH AND MINIMUM 2 INCHES DEPTH WHERE 6IKEWAYS ARE REQUIRED.
4) ASPHALT CONCRETE DEPTHS GREATER THAN 2� /z INCHES SHALL BE APPLIED IN SEPARATE LIFTS.
DO NOT SCALE
A-5
s
J
EASEMENT WIDTH 30 OR 50'
-x SEE SELTION 2.10 -7
L1 2" MIN, GOMPACTE-0 DEPTH ASPH. CONC. PAVEPIENT CL - ~ B",
2" MIN, COMP, DEPTK 5/e'- O CRUSHED SURFACING TOP COURSE.
8" MIN. COMP, DEPTH CLASS B GRAVEL OR 9OF I %z-0 CRUSHED SURFACING
BASE COURSE .
NOTES: 1) THIS SECTIoN APPLICABLE TO PRIVATE ACCESS ROADS ONLY.
2.) 1 - 2 LOTS REQUIRES A 30' EASEMENT AND 12' GRAVEL SURFACE.
3 - 4 LOTS REQVIRES A 30' EASEMENT AND 16' PAVED SURFACE.
5 - 8 LOTS REQUIRES A 50' EASEMENT AND 20' PAVED SURFACE.
9 OR MORE LOTS REQUIRES PUBLIC ROAD IMPROVEMENT STANDARDS.
3) MAXIMUM GRADE 15 IS°%e , WHICH MAY BE EXCEEDED PROVIDING No PRACTICAL ALTERNATIVE- EXISTS
AND SUBJECT To APPROVAL OF THE ENGINEER. (5EE SECTION 2.103
4) STORM SEWERS SHALL BE REQUIRED WHEN DEEMED NECESSARY BY THE COUNTY ENGINEER.
DO NOT SCALE
A -6
_ .02 : 1
.07 : 1
�\ Z. o o :o,•
'
o •o 0 o c •o -o
-o, °=
G
T•
O w �
-x SEE SELTION 2.10 -7
L1 2" MIN, GOMPACTE-0 DEPTH ASPH. CONC. PAVEPIENT CL - ~ B",
2" MIN, COMP, DEPTK 5/e'- O CRUSHED SURFACING TOP COURSE.
8" MIN. COMP, DEPTH CLASS B GRAVEL OR 9OF I %z-0 CRUSHED SURFACING
BASE COURSE .
NOTES: 1) THIS SECTIoN APPLICABLE TO PRIVATE ACCESS ROADS ONLY.
2.) 1 - 2 LOTS REQUIRES A 30' EASEMENT AND 12' GRAVEL SURFACE.
3 - 4 LOTS REQVIRES A 30' EASEMENT AND 16' PAVED SURFACE.
5 - 8 LOTS REQUIRES A 50' EASEMENT AND 20' PAVED SURFACE.
9 OR MORE LOTS REQUIRES PUBLIC ROAD IMPROVEMENT STANDARDS.
3) MAXIMUM GRADE 15 IS°%e , WHICH MAY BE EXCEEDED PROVIDING No PRACTICAL ALTERNATIVE- EXISTS
AND SUBJECT To APPROVAL OF THE ENGINEER. (5EE SECTION 2.103
4) STORM SEWERS SHALL BE REQUIRED WHEN DEEMED NECESSARY BY THE COUNTY ENGINEER.
DO NOT SCALE
A -6
I I
s
:O
I
40' MIN.- MINOR ACCESS STREETS
44'MIN.- LOCAL ACCESS STREETS
60' MIN.- GENERALACCESS STREETS
36' -GENERAL ACCESS (36'- sus ROUT,_), 3
°C
8'MIN. 28 -LOCAL ACCESS
8 MIN.
24' - MINOR ACCESS
• „ 4' I 4•
MIN.
.02:1
1 =111' = 1111111 = 11I1�1111_�//
1111 .o' '° .o o: °• .e .o- ° i. °' :O o o• 'o.
2�' MIN. COMP. DEPTH CLASS "B ASPHALT ± =�
CEMENT CONCRETE CONCRETE FOR MINOR AND LOCAL ACCESS 4 'CEMENT CONCRETE SIDEWALK
ROADS (2'/2' MIN. FOR GENERAL ACCESS ROADS.
CURB � GUTTER - SEE 2" MIN. COMP. DEPTH 51W-0
DRAWING NO. A-10 . CATCH BASIN 4 STORM DRAIN - SEE
CRUSHED SURFACING TOP COURSE.
4 CEMENT CONCRETE SEC. Z. S00
8 MIN. COMP. DEPTH CLASS B GRAVEL OR II MIN.
SIDEWALK. COMP. 11/2"- 0 CRUSHED SURFACING BASE
COURSE.
NOTES : 1) THIS DRAWING ILLUSTRATES A TYPICAL ASPHALT CONCRETE ROAD SECTION. INCREASED THICKNESS OF
SURFACING MATERIALS MAY 8E REQUIRED AS PER SECTION 2.402
2) 6" MIN, COMP. DEPTH ASPHALT TREATED BASE MAY BE SUBSTITUTED FOR THE BASE AND TOP COURSES.
3) SIDEWALKS SHALL BE REQUIRED AS PER
SECTION 2.201
LOCAL,MINOR,� GENERAL ACCESS STREETS
4) REFER 70 SECTIONS 2.103 t 2.400
URBAN PUBLIC ROADS
DO NoT SCALE WHAIII COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS
A--7
A
/
.D
SHOULDER
(2" MIN• A•C.)
COLLECTOR ARTERIAL
MINOR ARTERIAL
PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL (4 -LANE
ct
I
.02 : 1 I o2:1
•0: p .O �.�•. ".O .' O_. C.
° SVBGRADE 1�
WIDTH
SHLDER CIVRB
40' 36'
40' 49'
62' 48'
to' MIN. 3
0!
4'
SLOPE o2 • I /\
COMP, DEPTH /� /%/
CLASS -B ASPHALT CONCRETE Z*�CEMENT CONCRETE SIDEWALK
DEPTHS > 21/2 SHALL BE APPLIED
IN LIFTS. (SEE SHEET 6-5)
C0114P. DEPTH 5 /S' 0 CPVSH. SURF T.G, CATCH Bn,SIN � STopj4 DRAIN - sEE
COMP. DEPTH CLASS B GRAVEL OR COMP. I %Z" -O SEC.2.
CRUS14ED SURFACING SA5E COVRSE .
NOTES, I) THIS DRAWING ILLUSTRATES A TYPICAL ASPHALT CONCRETE
SECTION. ACTUAL SURFACING DESIGN SHALL BE BASED ON
SOIL AND TRAFFIC- ANALYSES, PER SECTION Z.¢o3
2) EQUIVALENT ASPHALT TREATED BASE MAY BE
SU115TITUTE15 FOR THE BASE AND TOP COURSES.
3) SIDEWALKS SHALL BE REQUIRED AS PER
SECTION 2.20!
4) REFER TO SECTIONS 2.103E-9NF00 FOR ADDITIONAL
DETAILS.
5) SEE SECTION Z, /03 FOR COMMERCIAL STREET
REQUIREMENTS.
DO NOT SCALE
RIGHT OF WAY (MIM.)ll
PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL 70 FT.
MINOR ARTERIAL 60 FT.
COLLECTOR ARTERIAL 60 FT.
COMMERCIAL STREET 60 FT.
UK
SLOPE
v_ O
.v
2--a 1. CURB
DRIVE WAYS
CEMENT CONCRETE CURB 4 GUTTER
(TYPE. "A -1" OR 'A„)
Z' MIN. bp
SLOPE 0.02: I
N
THICKENED EDGE
(ON PRIVATE ROADS ONIL.Y)
DO NOT SCALE
7 3/4u
NOTE : FORMS OR SLIPFORIA MAY BE USED.
FORMING METHOD AND EXPANSION
JOINTS SHALL GONFoRhl To SEC. B-04.3
OF STATE STANDARD SPE.GIF%CAf IONS
OR APWA SIANCARD 5PE[IFI[.AT'I0NS.
CEMENT CONCRETE CURB
GENERAL NOTES :
1) 2° WEEP HOLES TO BE PLACED ON EACH SIDE OP DRIVEWAY SECTION � A MAY.
60' GIC IN CUT SECTIONS WHERE SIDEWALK pRA1N NOT REQUIRED By TNc
COUNTY EP161NEG(t.
2) FURTHER REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE AS SPECIFIED 1N THE STATE STANDARD.
SPECIFICATIONS OR APWA STAMt>P&D SPECIFICA-TIONS.
A-9
1
S
NOTE : ISLAND AT CENTER OF BULB SHALL HAVE MEDIAN CURB.
25 R. MIN- -
R/W LINE
CURS RETURN
MIN. 3S' R.
35'R. MIN.
EDGE OF PAVEMENT
I
r
z
W
W
Q
a
o 1
W
W
DO NOT SCALE
NOTE : FULL SHOULDER WIDTH
IS To 131E MAINTAINED
AROUNC CORNER.
45� MIN.
4o m1w.
35 MIN 2�
I 20, MIW.
PREF.
IRURAL SHOULDER t DITCH
u I URBAN CURB � GUTTER
A- 10
Q
501 MIN.
1
W
J
401 MIN.
Z
�
U
J
301 MIN.
SIDEWALK
LL
O
I
A6 REM),
- -„
oc
e
v
u I URBAN CURB � GUTTER
A- 10
CL
ROAD
i
J1
,J
ARI
DRIVEWAY SURFACE
12' MIN. EXTENSION
°• c '.° •�i SEVOND TOE
-- - DITCH LINE
DETAIL- -
pRo dca. -- _ \
PLAN
VARIES
-O" A SE75AGK
VMI[1 CJ Q w
W Z
O J
w CJ a
z Z
i o J GROUND LINE
SLOPE 2 i° DESIRABLE
/�`� /� \�� // ♦ III`` 5 °fe MAX.
� GRAVEL COVER OVER CULVERT � 12 MINIMUM
X- SECTION
RESIDENTIAL : If MIN.
20' DE51RAbLE
COMMERCIAL - 14' MIN. (oN6 WAY)
24' MIN. (TWO WAY)
Be, MAX.
Mpg 5 15.1°
DO NOT SCALE
NOTES : I) CULVERT
PIPE SHALL BE 12"
MINIMUM
DIAMETER; LARGER IF
DRAINAGE
REQUIRES, AS DIRECTED
BY T14E COUNTY
ENGINEER.
Z) RIPRAP
AROUND CULVERT MA`I
BE REQUIRED.
3) MINIMUM
PIPE LENGTH SHALL SE. 20'.
DITCH SECTION
DRIVEWAY
WHATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF pVBL.IC WORKS
B -I
1
s
NO PLANTING STRIP
A�
�A
�yF
21-6' ON ACCESS ROADS (51-0" ON ARTERIALS)
3 / + *EXP. JoINTS
3/j' EX P
JOINTS
NOTES: 1) FOR DRIVEWAYS WIDER THAN 20 FEET - PLACE 3/4-
DEEP "Y" GROOVE AT MID POINT. FOR DRIVEWAYS
GREATER THAN 30 FEET WIDE - PLACE 3/411 DEEP
GROOVE AT ONE T141RD POINTS.
Z)DRIVEWAY SECTIONS TO BE 6�'TMICK MINIMUM.
3) ALL JOINTS TO BE CLEANED AND EDGED.
4) CEMENT CONCRETE TO BE 5 (3/4) OR S
WITH 5 % AIR ENTRAINMENT.
5) SECTION TO SE BRUSH FINISHED (PARALLEL TO
STREET WITH FIBER BRUSH.
DO NOT SCALE
WITH PLANTING STRIP
W wkf%LAIw1A 1 1 10
SECTION A -A,
3/4 EXP.
JOINTS
3/9' EXP. I
JOINTS
USE 2" WEEP HOLES
AT DRIVEWAY SECTIONS
lo
\ PROPERTY LINE
UNDISTURBED SUSC.RADE OR
APPROVED MATERIAL f.OK?^C.TED
TO 95% OPTIMUM DENSITY.
1
1
STAN_DA_RD CuRB _ RADIUS TRAFFIC SIGNAL
35' MIN. j LIGFIT
I STANDARD
I
I
I
OF
I
ARC - SEE NOTE 2
I SIDEWALK
CURB I
[- I PLANTING STRIP
12.5 % OF ARC
-5EE NOTE 2
V. - pCNT r%f%L. F t
100' - ARTERIAL
DEPRESSED
CURB -7
�-- DRIVEWAY RESIDENTIAL
SLOPE AND FLARE 12'MIN.,20'DESI
19 MIN. COMMERCIAL
24' MIN. , 38 MAX.
$ETwEEN DRIVEWAYS EXCEPT ONE -
5ERV ING SAME PARCEL WAY 14' MIN.
OF LAND.
FIRE HYDRANT
UTILITY POLE
MIN. _ 1
SIDEWALK
NOTES: 1) WHERE CURB RADIUS IS LESS THAN THE STANDARD 35', NO PORTION OF ANY DRIVEWAY WIDTH (LESS. FLARE
AND SLOPE SHALL ENCROACH IN CVRS RETURN.
2) WHERE RP.CIUS IS 35' OR MORE, DRIVEWAY WIDTH MAY ENCROACH UPON EACH END OF CURB RETURN UP TO
12.5 % OR I/8 OF ARC ON CURB RETURN p LEAVING AT LEAST '75 % OF ARC FREE OF DRIVEWAY ENCROACH'
MENT NOT COUNTING FLARED SECTION.
LOCATION AND WIDTH OF NEW
DO NOT SCALE DRIVEWAYS
W14ATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBLIC' WORKS
R -3
RESIDENTIAL - RESIDENTIAL
J�
RESIDENTIAL- ARTERIAL
TYPICAL LOCATION PLANS
t' WN"
T
36"T`(p. I B6" TvP. I Y-" -"p
6:S MAX. (0:1 MAX.
CURB FACE 1
I
FRONT VIEW
42, TYP.
FLUSH WITH 8z1 MAX•
PAVEMENT
,k/777,77177,77- II11`�llll��
l`: l��ClollNla �PAllCllT .� E ` D llll
. SVSGRADE
SIDE VIEW
-65-
ARTERIAL - ARTERIAL
:-1 )
CROSSWALK
UNMARKED I I
CROSSWALK
MARKED
NOTES:
I) CATCH BASIN AND INLETS SHALL
BE OUTSIDE THE WHEEL C14AIR
RAMP (24! MIN. CLEARANCE FROM RAMP)
Z) CARE SHALL BE TAKEN TO KEEP
THE RAMP FROM CONFLICTING.
WITH HYDRANTS, POLES, INLETS,
AND OTHER UTILITIES.
3) THE RAMP SHALL HAVE A COARSE
TEXTURED SURFACE APPROVED BY
THE ENGINEER.
¢) WHEN RAMPS ARE CONSTRUCTED
ON ONE SIDE OF STREET, RAMPS
SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED AT
CORRESPONDING LOCATIONS ON
OPPOSITE SIDE OF STREET.
5) 3 /g" EXPANSION JOINT SHALL SE
PLACED AROUND RAMP.
DO NOT SCALE
I
1
S
NOTES:
1)
CONCRETE SHALL BE CLASS 5 (34) OR 5 (11 /t) WITH 5% AIR ENTRAINMENT.
2)
3/4 DEEP V GROOVE$ TO BE PLACED AT 5' C jr- .
3)
3 /% "'A 2" MIN. DUMMY JOINT5 To BE PLACED 20' C/C IN LINE WITH CONTRACTION
JOINTS
IN CURB.
4)
3 /s "X4' /Z "EXPANSION JOINTS TO BE PLACED.AT CURB RETURNS, DRIVEWAY SECTIONS,
COLD
JOINTS , CHANGES IN SECTION) OR MAX. BOA C/C.
5�
'/4." X 472" EXP. JOINTS TO TAE PLACED BETWEEN
SIDEWALK AND BACK OF CURB AND AROUND ALL I
CURB
UTIL1'TY BOXES.
6)
SIDEWALK To BE BRUSHED FINISHED IN TRANSVERSE
1
DIRECTION EXCEPT AT DRIVEWAYS, WHERE IT
4 VARIABLE
SHALL BE BRUSHED LONGITUDINALLY.
W
MIN.
7)
SIDEWALKS IN CUT SECTIONS SilAL1„ BE
DQAINED ACCORDING TO DIZAWING N0.
2-% S OP F
GRADE
B -6 •
PRIVATE
��
o. a o BACK OF CURB
° o ° ' "
.. P N
8)
FURZHER REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE AS
WALK
?' wI
- - •° - o : 4" CEM. CONC.
�'•
SPECIFIED IN THE STATE STANDARD SPECIFI-
01
S OR PWA SPECIFICkTIONS.
cAT1oN A
a
2 - 1' /Z WASHED ROCK
DO NOT SCALE I
PLAN
�A
{ PROPERTY LINE _
PLANTING STRIP
3/s "X4'/2 .THRV JOINT SECTION A -A
'-- 31W X 4 -1/21 TNRU JOINT
IV EVERY 20'. MIN.)
'/4' X 4'/2 TNRU JOINT 1/4.")( 41/?." THRV JOINTS
J 3 " 4" CEMENT CONCRETE (VERT. CURB
Q /8 X 2 MIN. DUMMY JOINTS .
OR 3/4' V GROOVE (SEE NOTES
w
0
: +: e'•'� \ \ \ \�: \ \ \\ iii \ \ \ \ % \ \1���/,
- 3/8"X 4' /z1THRV JOINTS \ \ \ \�� \��� \- 2 "- II /? " WASHED ROCK
- 3 /0" X 4'/2" THRV JOINT UNWSTUR6ED SUBGRADE oR APPROVILD
WHERE SIbLWALK P.avTS CUR% MATERIAL COMPACTED TO 9S % OPTIMUM
DENSITY.
WHEEL CHAIR RAMPS TO BE
LOCATED AT ALL RETURNS SECTION B - B
/ZEMSTING CURB WEEP HOLE I A THRV
JOOINT INT (EV ERY 20 MIN)
3 /a" X 2'MIN. DUMMY JOINT OR 3/4- V GROOVE (SEE NOTES
8 -S
STANDARD C f G
NOTES / I/8 BEND
/ / o
1) SIDEWALK DRAIN TO SE
USED .WHENEVER THE
SIDEWALK 15 IN A CUT /
SECTION UNLESS OTIiEit-
WISE APPROVED BY THE
COUNTY ENGINEER.
2) USE PERFORATED PIPE
WRAPPED WITH A SYNTHETIC
FILTER GUARD AND ROCK
FILTERS IN CUT SECTIONS.
3) USE NON PERFORATED
PIPE W ITMOUT FILTERS
WKEN CARRIED TFIRU
NON CUT AREAS.
I I I STANDARD
CONNECT TO NEAREST SIDEWALK
C.B. OR INLET
DO NOT SCALE
f
.v: •p. •Q o .s v. s•'s s• �..P
IS
- -- 4" PVC• PIPE ___
I I _
,171,r7-,,,
I I II/Z. WASHED ROCK
I I I I FILTER
I I I I
-67-
s
n
�L
I" CHAMFER
M
Z
f
01
PLAN
6°
c�
l
A
e
s
4 � V
o
Z e
4
• e
SECTION
GROUND
LINE
GENERAL INSTALLATION
C. p
I /g�� DIAM.
'' Mo
PLAN
L.S. NUMBER E NAME , OR
"WCDPW FOR COUNTY
PROPERTY ONLY
DO NOT SCALE
ALTERNATE : MAGNETIC BASE
"BREAKAWAY TYPE
NOTES: I) THE BRASS DISC SHALL BE CAST OF YELLOW BRASS - Z" MIN. DIAMETER
WITH 3/4" DIAMETER X 272" LONG SHANK.
?-)CONCRETE SHALL BE CLASS A MIX.
3) ALL LOOSE MATERIAL SHALL BE REMOVED FROM THE BOTTOM OF
THE HOLE SO THAT THE CONCRETE 15 PLACED ON FIRM, UNDISTURBED
EARTH.
4) THE TOP OF THE CONCRETE SHALL BE TROWELLED SMOOTH AND
THE BRASS DISC SET IN THE CENTER FLUSH AND LEVEL .
S) LOCATION OF CONTROL POINT MAY BE PUNCHED AFTER CONCRETE
NAS BEEN SECURED IN POSITION; POINT NOT TO EXCEEb 1/4' FROM q_.
w
0 .1
4„ 4.,
BRASS DISC MARKER
NOTE: THIS SECTION TO BE
USED PRIMARILY ON.
BITUMINOUS OR ASPHALT
CONCRETE PAVEMENT.
ALTERNATE' MAGNETIC
BASE - •BREAKAWAN TYPE
GENERAL NOTES:
I) BRASS DISC TO BE MIN. 2" DIAMETER WITH 3'4" DIAMETER X 2'/2' SHANK.
Z) EXCAVATION SHALL SE FILLED W%TH CLASS A CONCRETE MIX AND BRASS
DISC PLACED IN IT.
3) EXACT LOCATION OF CONTROL POINT MAY BE PUNCHED AFTER CONCRETE
HAS SET UP NOT TO EXCEED 1/4" FROM (L).
4) MONUMENTS MARKING SuBDIVISIONAL CORNERS OF A SECTION SHALL BE
STAMPED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SLM MANUAL OF SURVEYING INSTRuc.TION,
19"13 EDITION.
DO NOT SCALE
-60-
A 1 0
-
v c '
ASPHALT
CRUSHED ROCK
•.•�: .o •+ �.• •.•O ..p,
V
•.
O .o '• p -- G
.tea
- -
' o GRAVEL BASE o
CEMEN CONC.
o -
•-
CLASS 501/2)
° -• o - o
MIN. 1/2„ REBAR
/ /�� //% �i %/%
OR IRON PIPE
NOTE: THIS SECTION TO BE
USED PRIMARILY ON.
BITUMINOUS OR ASPHALT
CONCRETE PAVEMENT.
ALTERNATE' MAGNETIC
BASE - •BREAKAWAN TYPE
GENERAL NOTES:
I) BRASS DISC TO BE MIN. 2" DIAMETER WITH 3'4" DIAMETER X 2'/2' SHANK.
Z) EXCAVATION SHALL SE FILLED W%TH CLASS A CONCRETE MIX AND BRASS
DISC PLACED IN IT.
3) EXACT LOCATION OF CONTROL POINT MAY BE PUNCHED AFTER CONCRETE
HAS SET UP NOT TO EXCEED 1/4" FROM (L).
4) MONUMENTS MARKING SuBDIVISIONAL CORNERS OF A SECTION SHALL BE
STAMPED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SLM MANUAL OF SURVEYING INSTRuc.TION,
19"13 EDITION.
DO NOT SCALE
-60-
STREET
CURB
MAILBOXES SIDEWALK
/ARIES 21 10
MAILBOX LOCATION
v
NOTES: 1) MAILBOX MUST BE TYPE APPROVED BY THE POSTMASTER GENERAL
WITH A UNIFORM BOX STYLE AND METHOD OF ADDRESS IDENTIFICATION
PER EACH STANDARD.
2) LOCATION IS SUBJECT TO APPROVAL. 8Y THE COVNTV FOR PROTECTION
OF VIEWS AND ACCESS.
3)7HE SKETCH DEPICTS A MIN, STRUCTURAL AND DIMENSIONAL STANDARD.
INNOVATIVE DESIGNS MEETING 71I6 MIN. DIMENSIONAL AND STRUCTURAL
REQUIREMENTS ARE ACCEPTABLE.
4) POST MUST GIVE FIRM SUPPORT BUT NOT EXCITED ?." DIA. IRON PIPE OR 4 'X4'
WOODEN POST, UNLESS OTHERWISE APPROVED.
DO NOT SCALE
—70—
ZJ
2 BOXES MIN. — 10 MAX.
� ;
12,
VARIATIONS SUBJECT
TO
cC
COUNTY APPROVAL
a
co 7
6
is
FACE OF CURB
I
' °
a i Iv{
it
VERTICAL CURB e
ELEVATION FROM
STREET
v
NOTES: 1) MAILBOX MUST BE TYPE APPROVED BY THE POSTMASTER GENERAL
WITH A UNIFORM BOX STYLE AND METHOD OF ADDRESS IDENTIFICATION
PER EACH STANDARD.
2) LOCATION IS SUBJECT TO APPROVAL. 8Y THE COVNTV FOR PROTECTION
OF VIEWS AND ACCESS.
3)7HE SKETCH DEPICTS A MIN, STRUCTURAL AND DIMENSIONAL STANDARD.
INNOVATIVE DESIGNS MEETING 71I6 MIN. DIMENSIONAL AND STRUCTURAL
REQUIREMENTS ARE ACCEPTABLE.
4) POST MUST GIVE FIRM SUPPORT BUT NOT EXCITED ?." DIA. IRON PIPE OR 4 'X4'
WOODEN POST, UNLESS OTHERWISE APPROVED.
DO NOT SCALE
—70—
All new signs for private roads
shall have white letter1r.q on a
green background. Signs shall
use reflective type material.
NAME RD.
PRIMATE RD.
4". LETTERING
-OR-
NAME RD.
PRIVgTE RD.
4" LETTERING (TOP) - 2" (ETM)
NAME SIGN MAW %E MONNTEO ABOVE A STOP SIGN
i r*- EXISTING COUNTY RO.
4x 4 WOODEN
POST
6! M114. TO EDGE OF PAVEMENT
OR TRAVELED LANE
0
c0
16'1 XZ4:
SIGN FAcs
SIC.% FACE
9" X 24,
SIGN FACE
It shall be the responsibility of the developer /owner to purchase,
install and maintain this sign and post. Sign length and /or letter
height may need to be modified to accommodate long road names. The
developer shall obtain a Revocable Encroachment Permit prior to in-
stalling any sign on County riqht -of -way.
-71-
r I .� m• Lf •I � r /.
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t ,.• t��(,���i�y r fr ' +':• i � �.J•��y[{�1yI�P -�r.� "' � + ��`r..�f��� ��{�11'1 R'"_J .
or
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t ,.• t��(,���i�y r fr ' +':• i � �.J•��y[{�1yI�P -�r.� "' � + ��`r..�f��� ��{�11'1 R'"_J .
or
q_
N
i
1 3.0' 1 4.0' -�
r K.,.,
ROCK -LINED SHOULDER DITCH
IN CUT SECTION
3.0' I 3.0'
1
EXISTING
GROUNDLINE
VARIA
lllt�
.o2- .oS FT./
DITCH IS LOCATED
AT TOE OF FILL
ROCK -LIMED SHOULDER DITCH
IN FILL SECTION
NOTE,. SEE SEC..3.20S FOR DETAILS DO NOT SCALE
ROCK -LINED SHOULDER DITCHES
WHATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF PVSLIG WORKS
-73-
r
ORIGINAL GROUND:
BATTER
VARIABLE
THICKNESS
D BACKFILL,
DO NOT SCALE
8 -13
4i�
S� 6:1 BATTER
VARIABLE
4 -O
8 MIN. THICKNESS OF -
SPECIFIED BACKFILL J a
0
SLOPE 0.02 Fr
Poll
4-6
NOTE:
SEE SEC-2.212
ROCK RETAINING WALL
CUT SECTION
WFIATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF PUt3LIC WORKS
:
v
NOTE
I. ..., _ _.....
OR SAFI.Ty
HANDRAIL AS
2. FENCE OR HANDRAIL
ROCKERY IS 3' OR
3. SEE SEC. 2.212
REQU ►RED .
REQUIRED WHEN
MORE IN HEIGHT.
FALL CAP
GROUND.
ROCK RETAINING WALL
UNDER SIDEWALK-
W14ATCOM COUWT'l DEPT. 'OF PUbLIG Wo0.KS
B'1s
PLAN
5 5
2'- 6"
SECT ION A-A
STANDARD METAL
T'YYMl n��vt.�vv I .. . �r� -- AND ENTRANCE ANGLE
TO BE LIMITED BV KNOCKOUTS.
NOTES: I) UNIT IS DESIGNED TO PICK UP SURFACE
DRAINAGE A SNORT DISTANCE FROM CATCH BASIN.
FRAME � GRATE 2) CAST IN PLACE OR MASONRY CONSTRUCTION
UNITS MAY BE SUBSTITUTED AS PER APWA
STANDARDS OR STATE STANDARDS.
I2° MAX. OUTLET PIPE
3) FOR DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENTS AND
INSTALLATION SEE APWA STANDARDS OR
STATE STANDARDS.
DO NOT SCALE
C -I
STANDARD METAL oadAODo
FRAME AND GRATE u o
0
6" RISER SECTION
USED FOR SHOR- ADJUSTMENT.
2 X 4-x 8 SOLI D BRICK MAY BE
USED FOR FINAL ADJ VSTMENT
TO A MAXIMUM LIFT OF 611
12" RISER SECTION
PRECAST BASE SECTION
4 WAY 18" THRU 20" (NOMINAL) KNOCKOUTS.
PIPE SIZE AND PIPE ENTRANCE ANGLE
TO BE LIMITED BY KNOCKOVTS.
MAXIMUM PIPE SIZE - IS" DIAMETER ON
WIDE SIDE AND IZ" DIAMETER ON NARROW
SIDE.
ow
NOTES* l� CAST IN PLACE OR MASONRY CONSTRUCTION UNITS MAY BE SUBS7ITUT6D
AS PER APWA STANDARDS OR STATE STANDARDS.
Z) FOR DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENTS AND INSTALLATION, SEE APWA
STANDARDS OR STATE STANDARDS.
Cc KYr
-79-
N
U
STANDARD METAL
FRAM= AND GRA,
6 RASE!: S_C'`.CN
USED Fort SHORT ADJUSTMENT
2X4X 8 - SLID SR' C-K MAY BE
'JS =D rOF? r INA_ ADJUSTMENT
TO .A NIAXIN!'JM L:FT OF (o
RIS =R SEC.T1:7
(o" R;—:D'JCINv TOP SLAB
PRECAST BASE SECTION
4- WAY KNOCKOUTS. PIPE SIZE AND
PIPE EN'RAN;,= ANGLE TO BE
LINtITED BY KNOCKOUTS. MAXIMUM
PI ?_►y.E- 18" DIAMETER ON WIDE
S1D=� -
AN; IS" DIAMETER ON NARROW SIDE.
ea 4>
y s:
8
• 3
e. r
NOTES -- 1) CAST IN PLACE OR MASONR`I CONSTRUCTION
UNI-S MAY BE SVBSTITUTED AS PER APWA STANDARDS OR STATE
Z) FOR DETAILS OF RI`.INFORCEMENTS AND INSTALL.ATION,SEE
STANDARDS OR STATE STANDARDS.
_79_
STANDARDS.
APWA
r�1
V
SECTION �
SLOPE
I L
Ii
STANDARD EXTENSION SECTI
STANDARD COVER SLAB,SE
SECTION 63 2.09D APWA
PRECAST MANHOLE SECT'
SEE SEC. 63 2.098 APWA
PRECAST MANHOLE BASE SEC
SEE SEC. 63 - 2.09 A APW
4" 4•1-0 .1
4
42- g.,
. FRAME AND GRATE
MAY BE SET FLANGc
3 ADJUSTING BLOCKS
OF PRECASTING IN
FOR CATCH BASIN
INLET, PROVIDIE STD.
W14OLE FRAME � COVER.
OUTLET PIPE- MA.X.'21
MAX. PIPE SIZE MAV
BE LIMITED BY PIPE
CONFIGURATION
NOTES: I) FOR DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENTS AND INSTALLATION , SEE APWA STANDARDS
OR STATE STANDARDS.
2) CAST IN PLACE. OR MASONRY CONS-TRVCTION MAY BE Sl38STITVTED AS PER APWA
STANDARDS OR STATE STANDARDS.
DO NOT SCALE
-Cio-
U
u�
u�
M.
A I TOP OF CURB A
0
LIP OF GUTTER
B
ASPHALT LIP MAY BE REQUIRED
UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS
TOP OF -r-up",
FLOW DIRECTION
SECTION A -A
NOTES ON CURB SLOPES GREATER THAN 10%, THE SLOPE
OF THE FRAME AND GRATE IS TO BE SET AS
DIRECTED BY THE ENGINEER.
ALTERNATE c CURB INLET TO BE APPROVED BY THE
COUNTY ENGINEER.
DO NOT SCALE
g SLOPE ASPHALT PAVEMENT
z To MEET GRATE � GUTTER
E L E,./AT I O U
6
SLOPE 5 % FRONT TO BACK
SECTION B - B
TOP OF CURB
djZ FLOW DIRECTION
IA A
I.C. FRAME GRATE
.a : A •
ADJUSTING RING
CONCRETE BOX
SECTION A - A
C -5
EA
a
MEET NORMAL --
PAVING SECTION
7 r-9m"A
D O
O
L.. A
STREET GRADE
SLOPE 0.05 FT /FT
0.02 FT /FT
NORMAL GUT'"
I.
°.r
SECTION A -A
CONSTRUCTION
JOINT I
-*-*t
e
co
Ir
=) ac
UAm-
m
0Ut.e
Q W
00 NOf SCALE
SECTION B -B
-82-
V
I
FRAME
LEVEL. PAD S - 3/4'X 2� /q.' X 1/1(,
.o NOMINAL
r -,N
Ha" X tf OPENING I Ja
25 ��
SECTION AA
NOTES'
1) GRATE IS NO. 5, 35A OLYMPIC FDY. CO. AND
FRAME IS NO. 5435 OLYMPIC FDY. CO. EQUW-k-
LENT DRAINAGE STRJCTURE NIATERIAL.S
MAY BE U5ED.
TYP. SLAT 2) ',JNDER AVERAGE CONDITIONS Ti-.:. ;:ZAyIE
0/6" TYP BAP. g AND GRATE CASTINGS SHALL CONFORM To
THE REQUIREMENTS OF ASTM A30 OR
EQUIVALENT.
O O 3) WHEN FRAME AND GRATE ARE LOCATED
0
o IN THE WHEEL TRACK AREA OF THE ROAD,
C I _ �- C TWE CASTINGS SHALL BE MADE OF NODULAR
•� r IRON CONFORMING TO ASTM DESIGNATION
A-339 , GRADE (60-45 -10 OR EQUIVALENT.
4) FOR DETAILS OF INSTALLATION SEE APWA
STANDARDS OR STATE STANDARDS.
LEVELING PAD
6- 3/4 X 21 /a' X I /16-" g
GRATE
23 3/4
1 � l
SECTION C-C
1.7 3/4
n
%4
SECTION 3-6
STgNiD AK,;, ME.Th
FRAME AND GRA T E
W''!ATC3M COUNT? �--1 =P7. OF RUSLi \/\. JRk, S
-83-
r
V
OFFSET FRAME GRATE 50 THAT THE
RESTRICTOR / POLLUTiaN DEVICE IS
VISIBLF- AT THE EDGE OF OPENING
AND DIRECTLY OVER THE LADDER -
(LOCKING LID REQUIRED). 2' MIN.
,-LR. 131=TW. LADOEP, 5T+EPS AtiO /
R15EIR 4 : L.EA N ^OUT GAT: E.
c .
�.a
STD. GALV. C.B. �-
LADDER � STEPS T .
�p.
WATERTIGHT CLEAN- . °.
OUT GATE WITH 6 '
GAUGE SLIDE. -
2' MIN.
s
INLET
PIPE
MIN.
5LOPE
INVERT ELEVATION
GRATE ELE\A-TION
.\ � \ \'
CHAIN - 200 LB. CAPACITY.
SLACK \NWEN GATE IS
DOWN. WELD CHAIN TO
. C.B. FRAME.
2. MIN.
RESTRICTOR PLATE C L
APPROPRIATELY
SIZED ORIFICE CUT ,/, v v
IN PLATE. / TE NOT - _ ' , \ 2 MIN.
REQVIRED IF SYSTEM
IS F'QR pOt.LUTION \ - -
CONTROL
//k
OUTLET PIPE -
MIN. SLOPE 0.0.
TYPE a CATGN BASIN OR LARGER
NOTE: I) ALL METAL PARTS AND SURFACP-S MUST 5E MADE OF CORROSION
RESISTANT MATERIAL OR BE GALVANIZED. COMPLETE EROSION PROTECTION
MUST E.E. ASSURED.
DO N,)T SCALE
OD
U
.v
0.5 MIN.
e •
OVERFLOW ELEVA T EON -
A
SET To PROVIDE REQ'D.
DETENTION AND ADE-
°'
\ I- MIN.
QVATE OIL SEPARATION
PROTECTION.
Q•.
OVERFLOW PIPE � OUTLET
•
�4, `,
_
MUST HAVE 'APAC -IT-i
EQUAL TO OR GREATER
THAN COMBINED INL.ET
SYSTEM, .
2. MIN.
RESTRICTOR PLATE C L
APPROPRIATELY
SIZED ORIFICE CUT ,/, v v
IN PLATE. / TE NOT - _ ' , \ 2 MIN.
REQVIRED IF SYSTEM
IS F'QR pOt.LUTION \ - -
CONTROL
//k
OUTLET PIPE -
MIN. SLOPE 0.0.
TYPE a CATGN BASIN OR LARGER
NOTE: I) ALL METAL PARTS AND SURFACP-S MUST 5E MADE OF CORROSION
RESISTANT MATERIAL OR BE GALVANIZED. COMPLETE EROSION PROTECTION
MUST E.E. ASSURED.
DO N,)T SCALE
OD
U
JRE
21"
1
A
I
NO f
B
i
I
i
IA
i
I _
I
I
.B
'to INSERTS
(4PLACES)
PLAN OF BASE UNIT
CINSPECTION SAMPLING
TEE 8" MIN. IREFI
\ INSPECTION
rCOVERS _
� LIFT HOLE PLUG
AFTER INST.
^C
E
OUIET -
4x4.6' /a'J
W.W.P.
24x24 HINGEL vtivn
FLOOR PLATE Willi
RCP LOCK
m L.) -GAM
GENERAL NOTES SECTION A-A
CONCRETE
MINIMUM 28 DAY COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
4000 PSI,
REINFORCEMENT
DEFORMED BARS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM A
615 65 GRADE 40 ,WELDED WIRE FABRIC IN AC-
CORDANCE WITH ASTM A82 -66 8 A155.69-
DESIGN LOADS
AASHTO HS 20.44 (TRAFFIC NRW) IyQC
ALL F-� ATED STEEL ITEMS. EXCEPT REIN-
FORCING, TO BE HOT DIPPED GALVANIZED AFTER
FABRICATION, CONFORMING TO SPECIFICATIONS
ASTM A 384, A335, A336 8A123 W /ASPHALT TREAT-
MENT I COATING
OG NOl' SCALE
INSP COVER -
COVER -H -20 LOAD
34x12x12 I)ROP' - "4x2x2 FI 0014 PL.AIE
IN FLOOR I'LAfE / HINGLD RCP LOCK
0
IW
J
Z
`GRIT /SLUDGE RETAINER
-85-
/ I
--- 1 t
4x4x616 W.W.F.
SECTION B -B
BASE UNIT 5053 LBS.
COVER 1450 LBS
—GROUT
AND SEAL
GN
V
�1117 P
►� -II
I
LL _ 1J
FLOW
OIL
DISTRIBUTION
RETAINER
BAFFLE
BAFFLE
23
�t
12
16
GENERAL NOTES SECTION A-A
CONCRETE
MINIMUM 28 DAY COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
4000 PSI,
REINFORCEMENT
DEFORMED BARS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM A
615 65 GRADE 40 ,WELDED WIRE FABRIC IN AC-
CORDANCE WITH ASTM A82 -66 8 A155.69-
DESIGN LOADS
AASHTO HS 20.44 (TRAFFIC NRW) IyQC
ALL F-� ATED STEEL ITEMS. EXCEPT REIN-
FORCING, TO BE HOT DIPPED GALVANIZED AFTER
FABRICATION, CONFORMING TO SPECIFICATIONS
ASTM A 384, A335, A336 8A123 W /ASPHALT TREAT-
MENT I COATING
OG NOl' SCALE
INSP COVER -
COVER -H -20 LOAD
34x12x12 I)ROP' - "4x2x2 FI 0014 PL.AIE
IN FLOOR I'LAfE / HINGLD RCP LOCK
0
IW
J
Z
`GRIT /SLUDGE RETAINER
-85-
/ I
--- 1 t
4x4x616 W.W.F.
SECTION B -B
BASE UNIT 5053 LBS.
COVER 1450 LBS
—GROUT
AND SEAL
GN
V
co
LIN
z�
s IIII
PoWER AND COMM.
GAS
50'-100'
APPROVED BY THE
COUNTY ENGINEER.
I VARIES I
IL
O w
W
J' W
O 7
W �
a
WATER
I
NOTES I)GAS AND WATER LINE SHALL 6E ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE ROAD.
a) POWER AND COMMUNICATtON5 CAN FE LOCATED ON EITHER SIDE OF THE RIGHT OF WAY.
3) UTILITIES LOCATED IN DITCH AREA SHALL HAVE A MINIMUM COVER OF 30 INCHES BELOW DITCH BOTTOM UNLE55
APPROVED OTHERWISE. UTILITIES LOCATED IN THE
ROAD OR SHOULDER AREA SHALL HAVE A MINIMUM
CoVER of 36 INCHES FROM SURFACE. STANDARD UTILITY LOCATIONc.
4) ALTERNATIVELY, UTILITIES MAY BE LOCATED IN RURAL ROAb SECTIONS
EASEMENTS OUT5I1>E THE ROAD RIGHT OF WAY,
Do NOT SCALE WHATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBOCI WOR
J
cc
, D -I
00
v
12' _4
MIN. SIDEWALK
VARIES
4.0'- 80'
CL
IES
4
SIDEWALK
POWER , COMM. � GA5
SANITARY SEWER -
MIN. DEPTH TO BE
APPROVED BY THE
COUNTY ENGINEER.
STORM SEWER -
MIN. DEPTH 12 "
COVER.(BOTH
SIDES)
NOTES : 1) GAS AND WATER LINES SHALL BE ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE ROAD.
2) POWER AND COMMUNICATIONS CAN BE LOCATED ON EITHER SIDE of THE RIGHT OF WAY.
3) UTILITIES SHALL HAVE A MINIMUM COVER OF 36 INCHES.
4) SEE SECTION 2.120 AND 2.602 STANDARD UT I L
5) ALTERNATIVBL`1, UTILITIES MAY BE LOCATED IN
EASEMENTS OUTSIDE THE ROAD RIGHT of WAY. URBAN ROA
DO NOT SCALE
WATER
D -2
ARTERIALS AND COLLECTORS
PERMANENT TRENCH
REPAIR - FLEXIBLE
PAVENI_NT AREA /
L EX \S T ING
B.S.T. SUR FAC E
211 CLAS- 1, A.C. TOPLIFT OVER Z ASPHALT TREATzD
BASE COURSE OR S" P.C. CONCRETE.
J I
MIN.
O ° o
> d
O o
O O G
D 0
EXISTING A.C.
SURFACE --
5UITA,BLE COMPACTED
BACKFILL
I `
CLASS B ASPHALT CONCRETE TO THICKNESS OF EXISTING
SURFACING WITH A 2" MINIMUM
LOCAL_ ACCESS STREETS
PERMANENT TRENCH
REPAIR- FLEXIBLE ° o o a o EXISTING A.C.
PAVEMENT AREA o ° o 0 0 ° o ° ° , o °
EXISTING B.S.T. 2 MIN. CRUSHED P CK
EASE COURSE
a1 MIN. CLASS B GKAV EL BACKFILL 9 MIN. ° O c o ° ° o Q o SUITABLE COMPACTED
BACY FILL
* 411 MIN. DEPTH P.L. CONCRETE ALT.)
FOR BACKFILL * 13ASE COURSE
`VERTICAL SAW
CUT (TYPICAL)
PERMANENT
TRENCH REPAIR
- RIGID PAVEMENT't
AREA 2 MIN. o
e o
° pf
0
p ° o
2"MIN. A.C. OVERLAY
EXISTING P C.C.
PAVEMENT/ A.C.
OVERLAY
A d
pao
o O V O
S° MIN., 6.5 SACK
P.C.C.
�— 7" MIN., 6.S SACK
P.C.C.
SUITABLE. COMPACTED
GRAVEL BACKFILL
3" MIN. OF 5 /g' - O CRU5NED ROCK
TRENCH REPAIR
- GRAN EL 54OULDF -R
AREA
NOTE : WIDTH OF TRENCH EQUALS
INSIDE DIA. OF PIPE + 1$" FOR PIPE
UP TO 24" DIA, AND I.D. + 30"
FOR 24° DIA. OR LARGER.
MIN. TR =N�-I- W\bTH - 24 ".
D0 NOT SCALE
-qR-
° =
----CLASS B GRAVEL TO
EXISTING DEPTH OR 12-u MItdIMUM OVER
SUITABLE COMPACTED BACKFILL
M
D
ao
Z" MIN. CRUSHED ROCK
CLASS B GRAVEL
EXISTING THICKNESS
OR 12 "MINIMUM OR 6" OF
1'/?"-0 CRUSHEb ROCK
SUITABLE COMPACTED BACKFILL--`
BEDDING MATERIAL
II /z" MIN. ASPHALT CONCRETE OVERLAY
ASPHALT CONCRETE TRENCH PATCH - MATCH EXISTING A.C. DEPTH `211 MIN.)
EXISTING ASPHALT OR OIL MAT
L EXISTING CRUSHED ROCK
EXISTING GRAVEL BASE
NOTES: 1) REMOVE ENTIRE EXISTING PAVEMENT AND USE ASPHALT PAVEMENT REPLACEMENT IF REMAINING PAVEMENT
IS LESS THAN NALF WIDTH.
2) REMOVE EXISTING PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENTS AND REPLACE WITH ASPHALT PAVEMENT.
S) THE GRAVEL AND CRUSHED ROCK MAY BE SUBSTITUTED WITH 6 OF ASPHALT TREATED BASE. ZHE A.G. TkENCIA PATCH
AND OVERLAY ARE ALSO REQUIRED.
00 NOT SCALL
PAVEMENT
RESTORATION. DETAIL
WHATCOM COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBI-k! WORKS
D -4