HomeMy WebLinkAboutord1987-0591
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DRAFT II - 10/15/87
INTRODUCED BY: CONSENT
PROPOSED BY: PUBLIC WORKS
DATE INTRODUCED: SEPTEMBER
ORDINANCE NO.' 87 -59
AN ORDINANCE ESTABLISHING MINIMUM STANDARDS
FOR REQUIRED FIRE FLOW FOR FIRE PROTECTION
AND AMENDING W.C.C. SECTION 15.16.060 AND
ADDING A NEW CHAPTER 15.18 TO THE W.C.C.
ENTITLED FIRE FLOW.
WHEREAS, the Whatcom County Council has previously adopted the 1982
edition of the Uniform Fire Code; and
WHEREAS, Section 10.301(c) of that code sets forth the requirement
that an approved water supply capable of supplying required fire flow be
provided to premises upon which buildings are to be constructed; and
WHEREAS, the standards for minimum fire flow are not specifically
set forth in this section; and
WHEREAS, the establishment of a more specific fire flow standard
will provide better information to the public on the fire flow requirement of
the County; and
WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Whatcom County Council to provide
a reasonable minimum fire flow standard which addresses the general need for
providing water supply for fire protection, AND which also recognizes the
rural character of many areas of the County,
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED that Chapter 15.16.060 of the
Whatcom County Code is hereby amended as follows:
15.16.060 Subsection 10.301(c) amended- -Water for fire
flow.
Subsection 10.301(c) of the Uniform Fire Code, 1982
Edition, is amended to read as follows:
ORDINANCE -1-
date drafted 10/15/87
(c) An approved water supply capable of supplying
required fire flow for fire protection as set forth in
Chapter 15.18 W.C.C. shall be provided to all premises
upon which buildings or structures or portions of
buildings or structures are hereafter constructed. When
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any portion of the building or structure protected is in
excess of 150 feet from a water supply on a public street
or county road there shall be provided, when required by
the Deputy Fire Marshal or Building Official, on -site
fire flow. WakeP- etl$�ly- ailE7- ifPe- €�9w -8h83� �6- �9ts6P-
�ir�eci- l� -�#w� ^. ��.. r' �,-- Wor+l Ea- Di- Peo�or +fl3+krltii�g- (�� €ioi�r��sx�
$ aaPerr��F- �i�e- Wl�aheea•- 6etrxt�- F�Pe- Q4aPaka� .
Water supply may consist of reservoirs, pressure'
tanks, elevator tanks, water mains, or other fixed system
capable of supplying the required fire flow, provided
that where a public water system water line capable of
providing the required fire flow is located within 1500
feet of the property, the water supply for fire flow
shall be provided by a water line extension installed in
accordance with the rules of the water purveyor; provided
further that if the total of the construction cost and
other fees for the line extension exceeds by more than
25% the cost of a reservoir meeting the standards of
section 15.18.070.B and capable of supplying the required
fire flow, the owner shall have the choice of either
extending the line or installing a reservoir meeting the
standards of this chapter. I�r- sett,ag- kl�e- t�eQt��emer�ke
€e•P- �l�e- �'�.re-- €lc►wf- tie• -F�Pe - 1rfa�a�.- e�,��n -- the- $it��it4g
&S44a4 a1-- -shall -be-
Gci04416644el*- hat►r -- Fife - Flea- AeB; +1aA. enov
The location, number and type of fire hydrants
connected to. a water supply capable of delivering the
required fire flow shall be provided on the public street
or on the site of the premises to be protected as
required and approved by the Deputy Fire Marshal. All
hydrants shall be installed pursuant to the standards set
forth in W.C.C. 15.18 and be accessible to the Fire
District apparatus by roadways meeting the requirements
of Section 10.207.
BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED, that a new Chapter 15.18 entitled Fire Flow
be added to the Whatcom County Code to read as follows:
Section 15.18.010 Purpose & Applicability
The purpose of this regulation is to establish
minimum standards and requirements for the quantity and
duration of flow of water for fire fighting purposes to
be provided for new structures and developments in
Whatcom Count
This chapter shall be applicable to all new struc-
tures that require building permits and shall be used to
determine the required fire flow for fire protection
referenced in Section 10.301(c) of the Uniform Fire Code.
Section 15.18.020 Definitions
Words or phrases used herein shall have the followin
meanings unless otherwise provided in the Uniform Fire
Code, as adopted by Whatcom County;
A. Compartmentalize - shall mean to divide the aggregate
floor area or a structure into smaller components by
means of area separation walls per U.B.C. 505(d).
B. Dead End Main - shall mean a water main over fifty
feet long which is not supplied from both ends.
ORDINANCE -2-
date drafted. 10/15/87
C.
Fire Department - shall mean the fire authority
normally responsible for fire protection in the area.
D.
Fire Flow - shall mean the flow of water at 20 .s.i.
for specified period of time required to be
available for use in extinguishing a fire at a
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specific building or development.
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E.
Fire Wdrant - ,shall mean a permanently installed
mec anica evice by which water is made available to
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fire apparatus operated by a fire department.
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F.
Fire Marshal - shall mean the Director of the Whatcom
County c Works Department, or his designee.
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G.
Fire Resistive Construction - shall mean Type I fire
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resistive structures an Type II fire resistive
structures as defined in the Uniform Building Code.
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H.
Flush Type Hydrant - shall mean a fire hydrant
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ns a e en re y elow grade.
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G.P.M. - shall mean gallons per minute.
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I.S.O - shall mean Insurance Services Office Pamphlet
ent3Nled "Guide for Determination of Required Fire
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Flow," 1974 Edition.
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K.
Non Combustible Construction - shall mean Type II -N
an pe II one-hour s ruc ures as defined in the
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Uniform Building Code.
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L.
Ordinary Construction - shall mean Type III one -hour,
pe Type VI H.T. and Type V one -hour struc-
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tures as defined in the Uniform Building Code.
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M.
Substantial Alteration - shall mean an alteration to
a structure w ere the value of the labor and ma-
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terials is together more than 40% of the value of the
original structure immediately prior to the alter -
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ation. The value of the structure and of the
alteration shall be established by the Building
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Official who shall be guided by the building valu-
ation data contained in the most current October
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issue of the 'Building Standards ", the official
magazine of the International Conference of Building
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Officials. Substantial alterations shall also mean
addition(s) to a structure regardless of va]U a which
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singly or together increase the gross floor area-of
the structure by an amount equal to or greater than
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10% or which add 500 square feet or more to the gross
area of the structure.
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N.
Water Supply - shall mean the source, treatment,
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rans�and distribution facilities as required
to provide water for normal peak consumption and fire
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flow with residual pressure at the service or fire
hydrant in excess of 20 p.s.i.
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0.
Wood Frame Construction shall mean Type V -N
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structures as defined in the Uniform Building Code.
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Section 15.18.0 30 Fire Flow Standards
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Tables 1 through 4 together with any other applicable
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provisions contained herein shall be used to determine
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ORDINANCE -3-
date drafted 10/15/87
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the amount of fire flow in gallons per minute required
for new construction subject to the provisions of this
chapter. Not withstanding any other provisions contained
herein the minimum required fire flow for all new
construction not exempted from these standards, shall be
500 gpm.
Water for fire flow purposes shall be provided at a
minimum of 20 psi .pressure and shall be available in an
amount sufficient to provide the required fire flow for a
duration of one hour, provided that for industrial uses
in areas zoned heavy impact industrial the duration shall
be two hours.
To use the tables first determine the ground area of the
structure, the number of stories and the type of con-
struction. Using the table corresponding to the type of
construction find the column which corresponds to the
number of stories of the structure. Select the ap-
propriate ground area range corresponding to the ground
area of the structure, from the ranges listed in the
column and read the fire flow value which corresponds to
that ground area range, from the list of values in the
lefthand column marked gpm.
Ground area shall be the same as the first story floor
area computed using Uniform Building Code Standards and
Definitions. Number of stories shall be the same as that
computed using the Uniform Building Code Standards and
Definitions. For the purpose of computing ground area,
wood frame structures separated by less than 10 feet
shall be considered one structure.
ORDINANCE -4-
date drafted 10/15/87
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TABLE 1
FIRE FLOW
Wood Frame Construction
(ground area in square feet)
500 < - - --
563 < - - -- 6,200 - - -- 3,100 - - -- 2,100 - - -- 1,600 - - -- 1,200 - - -- 1,000
625 < - - -- 7.700 - - -- 3,900 - - -- 2,600 - - -- 1,900 - - -- 1,500 - - -- 1,300
688 < - - -- 9,400 - - -- 4,700 - - -- 3,100 - - -- 2,400 - - -- 1,900 - - -- 1,600
750 < - - -- 11.300 - - -- 5,700 - - -- 3,800 - - -- 2,800 - - -- 2,300 - - -- 1,900
813 < - - -- 13.400 - - -- 6,700 - - -- 4,500 - - -- 3,400 - - -- 2,700 - - -- 2,200
875 < - - -- 15.600 - - -- 7,800 - - -- 5,200 - - -- 3,900 - - -- 3,100 - - -- 2,600
938 < - - -- 18.000 - - -- 9,000 - - -- 6,000 - - -- 4,500 - - -- 3,600 - - -- 3,000
1000 < - - -- 20,600 - - -- 10,300 - - -- 6,900 - - -- 5,200 - - -- 4,100 - - -- 3,400
1063 < - - -- 23,300 - - -- 11,700 - - -- 7,800 - - -- 5,800 - - -- 4,700 - - -- 3,900
1125 < - - -- 26.300 - - -- 13,200 - - -- 8,800 - - -- 6,600 - - -- 5,300 - - -- 4,400
1188 < - - -- 29,300 - - -- 14,700 - - -- 9,800 - - -- 7,300 - - -- 5,900 - - -- 4,900
1250 <---- 32,600 - - -- 16,300 - - -- 10,900 - - -- 8,200 - - -- 6,500 - - -- 5,400
1313 < - - -- 36,000 - - -- 18,000 - - -- 12,000 - - -- 9,000 - - -- 7,200 - - -- 6,000
1375 < - - -- 39,600 - - -- 19,800 - - -- 13,200 - - -- 9,900 - - -- 7,900 - - -- 6,600
1438 < 43,400 - - -- 21,700 - - -- 14,500 - - -- 10,900 - - -- 8,700 - - -- 7,200
- - --
ll7 llnn____7a 7nn____ir Ann onn____ o Gnn____ 7 nnn
1625 < - - --
1688 < - - --
1750 < - - --
1813 < - - --
187F C - - --
2000 < - - --
TABLE 2
FIRE FLOW
Ordinary Construction
(ground area in square feet)
US 1 2 3 4
500 < - - -- 13.900 - - -- 7,000 - -- 4,600 - - -- 2,800 - - -- 2
563 < - - -- 17,400 - - -- 8,700 - - -- 5,800 - - -- 4,400 - - -- 3
625 < - - -- 21,300 - - -- 10,700 - - -- 7,100: - -- 5,300 - - -- 4
688 < - - -- 25,500 - - -- 12,800 - - -- 8,500 - - -- 6,400 - - -- 5
750 < - - -- 30,100 - - -- 15,100 - - -- 10,000 - - -- 7,500 - - -- 6
813 < - - -- 35,200 - - -- 17,600 - - -- 11,700 - - -- 8,800 - - -- 7
875 <-- -- 40, 600 - - -- 20,300 - - -- 13,500 - - -- 10,200 - - -- 8
938 < - - -- 46, 400 - - -- 23,200 - - -- 15,500 - - -- 11,600 - - -- 9
1000 < - - -- 52, 500 - - -- 26:300 - - -- 17,500 - - -- 13,100 - - - -10
1063 < - - -- 59,100 - - - -29 ,600 - - -- 19,700 - - -- 14,800 - - - -11
1125 < -- -- 66, 000 - - -- 33,000 - - -- 22,000 - - -- 16,500 - - - -13
1188 < - - -- 73, 300 - - -- 36,700 - - -- 24,400 - - -- 18,300 - - - -14
1250 - . 81. 100 ---- 40 .600 ---- 27.0o0 ---- 20_lo0 ---- 16
ORDINANCE -5-
date drafted 10/15/87
2
200 - - -- 11,000
700 - - -- 12,200
200 - - -- 13,500
00
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TABLE 3
FIRE FLOW
Non - combustible Construction
round area in square feet)
gpm 1 2 3 4 5 6 Stories
500 < - - -- 2 17,000
800 - - -- 10,900 - - -- 7,300 - - -- 5,500 - - -- 4,400 - - -- 3,600
563 < - - -- 27,200 - - -- 13,600 - - -- 9,100 - - -- 6,800 - - -- 5,400 - - -- 4,500
625 < - - -- 33,200 - - -- 16,600 - - -- 11,100 - - -- 8,300 - - -- 6,600 - - -- 5,500
750 688 < 39,700 - - -- 19,900 - - -- 13,200 - - -- 9,900 - - -- 7,900 - - -- 6,600
813 < < - - -- 47,100 - - -- 23,600 - - -- 15,700 - - -- 11,800 - - -- 9,400 - - -- 7,900
875 < ___
813 _ 54,900- - - -27, 500 - - -- 18,300 --. -- 13,700 - - -- 11,000 - - -- 9,200
63, 400- - - -31, 700- - - -21, 100 - - -- 15,900 - - -- 12,700 - - -- 10,600
938 < - - -- 72,400- - - -36, 200- - - -24, 000 - - -- 18,100 - - -- 14,500 - - -- 12,100
1000 < - - -- 82,100- - - -41, 200- - - -27, 400 - - -- 20,500 - - -- 16,400 - - -- 13,700
1063 < - - -- 92,400- - - -46, 200- - - -30, 800 - - -- 23,100 - - -- 18,500 - - -- 15,400
TABLE 4
FIRE FLOW
Fire Resistive Construction
(ground area in square feet)
500 < ---- '.,,._.,,, - -- -- -- -- •vvv ----
563 <---- 38,700 - - -- 19,400 - - -- 12,900 - - -- 9,700 - - -- 7,700 - - -- 6,500
625 < - - -- 48.300 - - -- 24,200 - - -- 16,100 - - -- 12,100 - - -- 9,700 - - -- 8,100
688 < - - -- 59, 000- - - -29, 500 - - -- 19,700 - - -- 14,800 - - -- 11,800 - - -- 9,800
70, 900 - - -- 35,500- - - -23, 600 - - -- 17,700 - - -- 14,200 - - -- 11,800
750 < - -- 83, 700 - - -- 41,900- - - -27, 900 - - -- 20,900 - - -- 16,800 - - -- 13,900
Section 15.18.040 Authority to Adjust Fire Flow Value
The fire marshal shall have the authority to make adJustments
to the fire flow values obtained from tables 1 through 4 in
accordance with the following:
A. The fire flow values obtained from the tables may be
reduced up to 25% for occupancies having a low fire
hazard or may be increased up to 25% for occupancies
having a high fire hazard. The Appendix to the
I.S.O. guide may be used to determine low or high
hazard occupancies. The Fire Marshal shall exercise
good Judgement in determining the hazard for occu-
pancies not specifically mentioned. For lumber
ORDINANCE -6-
date drafted 10/15/87
i
yards, petroleum storage, refineries, grain eleva-
tors, and large chemical plants, where the number
obtained from the table is a minimum value, the Fire
Marshal shall increase the fire flow value obtained
from the Tables by 25 %. The fire flow calculated
shall not be less than 1000 gpm.
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B.
The fire flow values obtained from the tables may be
reduced by the Fire Marshal up to 50% for complete
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systematic sprinkler protection. Where the buildings
are either fire resistive or non - combustible con -
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struction,and have a low fire hazard, the reduction
may be up to 75 %. The percentage reduction made for
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an automatic sprinkler system will depend upon the
extent to which the system is judged to reduce the
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possibility of fire spreading within and beyond the
fire area. Normally this reduction will not be the
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maximum allowed without proper system supervision,
including water flow and valves. The fire flow shall
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not be less than 1000 gpm.
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C.
To the fire flow values obtained from the tables a.
percentage shall be added for structures exposed
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within 150 feet of the new structure or addition.
This percentage shall depend upon the height, area
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and construction of the building(s) being exposed,
the separation, openings in the exposed building(s),
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the length of the exposure, the provision of auto-
matic sprinklers and /or outside sprinklers in the
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building(s) exposed, the occupancy of the exposed
building(s), and the effect of hillside locations on
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the possible spread of fire. An unpierced perimeter
wall may warrant up to a 10% exposure change.
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The percentage for any one side generally shall not
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exceed the following limits for the separations
shown:
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Separation Percentage
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0 -10 feet 25%
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11 -30 feet �qi
31 -60 feet 15
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61 -100 feet 10
101 -150 feet 5
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The total percentage shall be the sum of the percent -
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ages for all sides, but shall not exceed 75 %.
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D.
The values obtain in A above is reduced by the
percentage (if any) determined in B above and
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increased by the percentage (if any) determined in C
above.
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E.
In determining percentage increase and decrease in
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fire flow, the Fire Marshal shall give consideration
to the configuration of the building(s) and to the
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Fire Department accessibility.
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F.
High one -story buildings: When a building is stated
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at 1, 2, or more stories, the number of stories to be
used in the formula depends upon the use being made
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of the building.
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For example, consider a 1 - 3 -story building. If the
building is being used for high -piled stock, or for
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ORDINANCE -7-
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rack storage, the building would probably be consid-
ered as 3 stories and, in addition, an increased
percentage for occupancy may be warranted. However,
if the building is being used for steel fabrication
and the extra height is provided only to facilitate
movement of ob9ects by a crane, the building would
probably be considered as a 1 -story building and a
decreased percentage for occupancy may be warranted.
G. Where wood shingle roofs could contribute to spread-
ing fires, add 500 gpm.
Section 15.18.050 Exemptions
The following new construction shall be exempt from the fire flow
requirements set forth in this chapter:
A. New Structures
11 Single- Family Residences
Agriculture Buildings Farm buildings such as
livestock and poultry buildings, milking barns,
loafing sheds, farm equipment storage buildings
relating to the preceding buildings, and similar use
structures accessory to farming activities, provided .
that these structures shall not be _a lace of human
habitation or a place of employment where agricul-
tural products are processed, treated or packaged:
nor shall it be a place used by the public; and
provided further that this exemption shall only apply
to structures that are set back a minimum distance of
100 feet from the side and rear property line.
Buildings, as example, which do not fall into Farm
Buildings are: potato warehouses, granaries, mushroom
growing buildings, commercial greenhouses, retail
sales.dairies,.and other like use structures.
31 Other Structures and Buildings not previously
exempted which are 2,500 sq. ft. or less in area;
PROVIDED, that this exemption shall not apply to
structures or buildings which will be used for Group
H occupancies.
B. Alterations and Additions to Existing Structures
ORDINANCE -8-
date drafted 10115/87
1) Alterations and additions to existing buildings or
structures where the building or structure is
otherwise exempt: PROVIDED, that the alteration does
not remove the building or structure from exempt
status.
2) Alterations or additions to existing buildings or
structures where the building or structure is not
exempt; when the alteration is less than a sub-
stantial alteration as defined by this chapter ^or the
alteration or addition will result in a building or
structure that complies with one or more of the other
fire flow exemptions: PROVIDED, that alterations or
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used for Group H 000upancy shall not be exempt.
Section 15.18.060 Fire Hydrant Standard
The following installation standards shall apply to fire hydrant
installations providing required fire flow.
A. Fire Hydrant Design Criteria
1) Fire hydrants shall have a minimum six (6) inch
barrel, shall have a minimum of two 2 1/2 inch outlets
and one 4 inch minimum inside diameter pumper port.
2) All hydrant connections shall have threads compati
ble with those used by the local fire department.
3) Fire hydrants shall be self - draining and frost-
free.
4) Fire hydrants shall meet American Waterworks
Association standards and any additional speci
fioations required by the local water surveyor.
5) Fire hydrants shall be provided with an auxiliary
gate valve, installed to permit the repair and /or
replacement of the fire hydrant without disruption of
water service.
6) Flush -type hydrants are prohibited, except upon
speoific approval of the Fire Marshal.
7) All hydrants shall be subject to testing by the
local fire department and the Fire Marshal. The water
purveyor shall be notified prior to any such testing.
Testing shall be done in cooperation with such puryeyo-
rs.
B. Installation Criteria
1) Fire hydrants and water mains shall be installed to
meet sound engineering practices as speoified by the
Fire Marshal. based on applicable ciroumstanoes. The
Fire Marshal shall make applications and plans availa-
ble for comment by the local fire department. Fire
hydrants shall be accessible to fire department pumpers
over roads capable of supporting suoh vehicles.
ORDINANCE -9-
date drafted 10/15/87
and on the control valve.
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(50) feet from build:
of the Fire Marshal.
Fire Marshal.
vegetation nor shall the visibility of the hydrant be
impaired for a distance of fifty (50) feet in the
direction of vehicular approach to the fire hydrant.
7) Fire hydrants shall, when possible, be located at
street intersections.
8) 'The location and design of all water mains. fire
C. Number of Fire hydrants
unless otherwise approved by the Fire Marshal.
ha
within one hundred fiftv (150) feet of each fire)
went pumper connections.
5) If the reauired fire
Section 15.18:070 Water Supply
ORDINANCE -10-
date drafted 10/15/87
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A. Ponds
1) Capacity
through 1D.
weather conditions.
suotion inlet.
4) Pond to.be gunite lined or equivalent.
5) Proper sized line to be connected from standard
type.hydrant into pond.
6) Minimum line size to hydrant is six (6) inch unless
line is in excess of fifty (50) feet in length. If
over fifty (50) feet, line size shall be no less than
eight (8) inches.
7) Hydrant threads to be determined and approved by
District Fire Chief.
8) Hydrant to be within three hundred (30 0) feet of
furthest point of building being served.
9) Access road to hydrant must comply with Uniform
Fire Code Section 10.207 (a).
10) Line to hydrant must be filled with water and
pressurized. Minimum flow acceptable will be 500 gpm
at 20 psi,
11) Pump on system to be automatic start based on drop
in pressure on system.
12) Electrical service for pump separate from building.
13) Pump capacity shall not be less than required fire
flow G.P.M.
B. Reservoirs
1) Capacity to be determined by Tables 1A through 1D,
and multiplied by 120 for industrial, to determine
total reservoir capacity, and multiplied by 60 for all
other complexes, to determine total reservoir capacity.
2.) Hydrant to be located within 100 feet of reservoir,
and.. reservoir to be within 300 feet of furthest point
of building being served.
3) Hydrant to be connected to reservoir with a line no
less than eight (8) inches in diameter. Line to.meet
Amerioan Waterworks Association Standards.
ORDINANCE -11-
date drafted -10 /15/87
5) Reservoir to be provided with a three (3) foot by
three foot sump with line to hydrant connected to the,
bottom of sump.
v1
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y �: I� F•
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ORDINANCE.-12-
date drafted 10/15/87
6 A gate valve to be installed between hydrant and
reservoir.
Reservoir to be connected to a minimum /4 inch
line with automatic fill provisions, from either a
domestic system, or a well system.
8 Reservoir to be provided with access opening large
enough to provide entry.
9) Reservoir to be provided with a minimum of four (4)
inch vent.
10) All vents and overflow openings in reservoir to be
screened.
11) Reservoir to be constructed so that water level in
reservoir, when full to capacity, is a minimum of 4 1/2
feet above steamer port of the hydrant.
12) Hydrant threads to be determined and approved by
the applicable District Fire Chief.
13) Access road to hydrant must comply with Uniform
Building Code Section 10.207(a).
14) All lines are to be insulated as required to
prevent from freezing.
15) water supply to be provided with adequate vacuum
break or backflow.
16) Plans of reservoir to be submitted and approved by
Fire District and Fire Marshal prior to beginning
construction.
17) Reservoir -to be complete and operational before
building construction begins.
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Section 15.18.080 Fire Marshal Authority
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed so as to prevent the Fire
Marshal from exercising the authority granted by Section 2.301 of the
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to Section 2.301 where such modification results in a reduction in
fire flow below the standards set forth in this chapter. The date of
the letter of notification shall be deemed to be the date of the
administrative decision.
APPROVED this 15th day of OCTOBER , 1987
ATTEST:
Carol Ebergson Z
Clerk of the Council
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
WHATCOM COUNTY COUNCIL
WHATCOM COUNTY, WASHINGTON
WILLIAM P. ROEHL
VICE CHAIRMAN
(� APPROVED ( ) VETOED
bL
SHIPLEY VAN 1ANTEN
County Executive
Date: OCTOBER 16, 1987
Randall J. Watts, Chief Civil
Deputy Prosecuting Attorney
Published on 9/9/87 and 10/21/87
This ordinance becomes effective on OCTOBER 26, 1987
ORDINANCE -13-
date drafted 10/15/87