HomeMy WebLinkAboutord2003-015IYH4TCOM COUNTY COUNCIL AGENDA BILL NO. 2002 -084U
CLEARANCES at Date Date Received In Count/ O Ice AendaDate Asonedm:
originator: slag n'. Annual ,7.o 1'/�_ !�',p� ��% �fp� Introduction
Division Head: Sylvia Goodwin L�-, `:J E � 'J 15 0/22/02 P &D
Dept Head: Hal Hart SEP 17 2002 i1 iv V +D erzw&L
Prosecutor. Karen Frakes
Pmchasinglionsen A� WHATCOM COUN
COUNCIL
to the ecreation & Design Chapters of the Whatcam County Comprehensive Plan.
L ACTIONTAKEN:
2002 - 84 U 912412002'. Introduced
1012212002: Held in committee
11112/2002 Public hearing on amended version to be
scheduled 7 -0
1128103: Amended and moved toward to concurrence
meeting 7 -0
112812003: Adopted 6 -0, Nelson absent, Ord #2003-015
Treasurer
Related File Numbers: AB2002 -084 I (this "emp Vny w- UA)n'
I. 2 Planning DlvisionlComp Plan AmcudmenteCOmp Plan 2002,CMP2002- 000010 & 11 (Recreation & Design Chapters) - AB.doe
A77ACHMLN /J:
(I) Proposed ordinance reflecting the Planning Commission's recommendations.
Nate: Background materials are available lior review at the Conan ' Corutcll o ¢e
SEPA review required? ( x ) Yes ( ) NO Should Clerk schedule a hearing? ( ) Yes ( x') NO
SEPA review completed? ( x ) Yes ( ) NO Requested Date:
I A hearing must be held if Die Council changes the Planning Commission
recommendation lWCC 20. t0 .I In'
SUMMARY STATEMENT: State law requires Counties to review their
Distribution Request
comprehensive plans to ensure continued compliance with the Growth
Management Act. Whatcom County has commenced this process and is
bringing forward amendments to the Recreation and Design Chapters for
consideration by the County Council.
indicate those who showed receive a copy fter Council action.
Lsat specifc names to the righr
ADS Facilities Management
ADS Finance
ADS Human Resources
Note: The subject proposal is one of a number of comprehensive plan
initiated this yeas These amendments must be considered
concurrently by the County Council so that the cumulative effect of the
various proposals can be evaluated (RCW 36.70A.130). Additionally,
pursuant to the review schedule established in WCC 20.10.120, final
Council action on these amendments should occur by November 30.
ADS/ I Services
Assessor
Keith Wilbrauer
Auditor
Cooperative extension
District Court
Executive
L ACTIONTAKEN:
2002 - 84 U 912412002'. Introduced
1012212002: Held in committee
11112/2002 Public hearing on amended version to be
scheduled 7 -0
1128103: Amended and moved toward to concurrence
meeting 7 -0
112812003: Adopted 6 -0, Nelson absent, Ord #2003-015
Treasurer
Related File Numbers: AB2002 -084 I (this "emp Vny w- UA)n'
I. 2 Planning DlvisionlComp Plan AmcudmenteCOmp Plan 2002,CMP2002- 000010 & 11 (Recreation & Design Chapters) - AB.doe
&26-02
SPONSORED BY: Planning
PROPOSED BY: Planning
INTRODUCTION DATE: 9/24/02
ORDINANCE # 2003 -015
AMENDING THE RECREATION AND DESIGN CHAPTERS OF THE
WHATCOM COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
WHEREAS, The Growth Management Act requires counties and cities to review and, if
needed, revise comprehensive plans to ensure continued compliance with the GMA (RCW
36.70A.130); and
WHEREAS, It is also appropriate to review the comprehensive plan in light of new
information and changed County priorities; and
WHEREAS, Legal notice was published in the Bellingham Herald; and
WHEREAS, The Planning Commission held a public hearing on the proposal; and
WHEREAS, The Planning Commission has evaluated the proposed amendments and made
certain modifications;
WHEREAS, The County Council has considered the Planning Commission's Findings of
Fact & Reasons for Action, Conclusions, and Recommendations.
The Council makes the following findings of fact and conclusions:
FINDINGS OF FACT
I. Notice of the Planning Commission hearing for the subject amendment was published in
the Bellingham Herald on December 21, 2001.
2. The Planning Commission held a public hearing on the subject amendment on January
10, 2001.
3. A determination of non - significance was issued under the State Environmental Policy
Act (SEPA) on August 5, 2002.
4. Growth Management Act (GMA) planning goal # 9 is to: "Encourage the retention of
open space and development of recreational opportunities, conserve fish and wildlife
habitat, increase access to natural resource lands and water, and develop parks" (RCW
36.70A.020(9)).
P. 1
5. GMA planning goal #12 is to "Ensure that those public facilities and services necessary
to support development shall be adequate to serve the development at the time the
development is available for occupancy and use without decreasing current service levels
below locally established minimum standards" (RCW 36.70A.020(12)).
6. GMA planning goal #13 is to "Identify and encourage the preservation of lands, sites,
and structures, that have historical or archaeological significance."
7. The Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan Goals 9A, 9C, and I OE addresses these GMA
planning goals.
8. County -Wide Planning Policy K -1 states: "As part of the comprehensive planning
process, the county and the cities shall identify appropriate land for public facilities
which meets the needs of the community, such as schools, recreation, transportation and
utility corridors, human service facilities, and airport and other port facilities. In order to
reduce land use conflicts, policies related to a design component shall be incorporated in
the comprehensive plans."
9. Comprehensive Plan map # 22 and the six -year capital improvement program identify
lands for recreational needs.
10. Under RCW 36.70A.070 and .080, recreation and design are optional elements of a
comprehensive plan.
CONCLUSIONS
The subject amendments are consistent with Growth Management Act, County Wide
Planning Policies, and Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan.
2. The proposal is consistent with the public interest because it incorporates planning for
adequate recreation facilities and retains policies relating to preservation of
archaeological and historical features of significance.
P. 2
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Whatcom County Council that
Section 1. The Recreation Chapter of the Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan is hereby
amended as shown on Exhibit A.
Section 2. The Design Chapter of the Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan is hereby amended
as shown on Exhibit B.
Section 3. Adjudication of invalidity of any of the sections, clauses, or provisions of this
ordinance shall not affect or impair the validity of the ordinance as a whole or any part thereof
other than the part so declared to be invalid.
ADOPTED this 28th day of January , 200
WHATCOM COUNTY COUNCIL
ATTEST: WHA�TC OM COUNTY, WASHINGTON
Dana Brown - Davis, Council Clerk Dan nes e,. Chairperson
APP OVED as to form: ( Approved O Denied
s
Civil Deputy Prosecutor Pete Kremen, Executive
Date:
P -3
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation
EXHIBIT A
11112102 County Council Planning & Development Committee Version
Chapter Nine
RECREATION
INTRODUCTION
Purpose
This chapter provides policies for park and recreation facilities designed to serve Whatcom County
as a whole. It does not focus extensively on open space resource areas which are addressed under
land use. Nor does it address neighborhood parks which are also discussed under land use in the
urban growth area section. This chapter also adopts by reference the entire Comprehensive Parks
and Recreation Open Space Plan which includes background information, standards for park and trail
development, recreation and senior service programs and an action plan for providing park and
recreation facilities. The policies in this plan repeat most of the policies found in the Comprehensive
Park and Recreation Open Space Plan.
Process
In August 1989, Whatcom County adopted a Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan
as an official element of the county's comprehensive plan. Subsequently, in July 1991, the Whatcom
County Council adopted Preserving a Way of Life: A Natural Heritage Plan for Whatcom County. This
plan has some overlap with the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan but focuses
primarily on preserving and protecting natural areas in the county without necessarily assuming they
need to be in public ownership. The Natural Heritage Plan was adopted by resolution with reference
to specific goals; several goals were modified and others deferred to future consideration. In
preparation for this plan, the Parks Commission recommended some updated policies from the 1989
Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan. These have been incorporated here and
in the parks plan. This plan specifically adopteds the updated Comprehensive Park and Recreation
Open Space Plan, while utilizing the Natural Heritage Plan as a background document.
GMA Goals, County -Wide Planning Policies, and Visioning Community Value Statements
This chapter addresses Growth Management Act (GMA) Goal #9, Open Space and Recreation, and
GMA Goal #12, Public Facilities and Services, directly by addressing park and recreation needs.
Habitat and other open space needs are also addressed, but more completely, elsewhere in this plan.
Similarly, this chapter addresses Section H, Open Space /Greenbelt Corridors of the County -wide
Planning Policies (CWPP). It also partially addresses CWPP Policy K (1) by identifying needs for
recreation facilities. This chapter also addresses value statement #1 under Open Space and
Recreation, which encourages retention /development of recreational opportunities along with other
open space categories.
Rationale for proposed amendment: Clarify that Growth Management Act (GMA) goals are
being addressed.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -1
Chapter Nine - Recreation 2002 Update
GMA Requirements
The Growth Management Act specifies recreation as an optional element of the comprehensive
plan.
BACKGROUND SUMMARY
Leisure time is a relatively new concept to Americans. It was not too long ago that the average
American worked 48 hours per week and children had daily chores. Today, more leisure time is
generally available the aveFage WGFIk weak 46 fn"" hours or less. IR f^^' the _...__^' of al,a :ab
leisure I'm ROW ..edG the work ng4ime.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department has indicated that it is no
longer accurate to state that the average workweek is 40 hours or less.
However, too much leisure time can be a problem if not channeled wisely. Our rapidly changing
lifestyles have brought about many frustrations which frequently manifest in juvenile delinquency,
alcohol and drug abuse and other misuses of leisure time. For the younger generation, especially
those who find it difficult to obtain gainful and meaningful employment, it is a real challenge to
make wise use of leisure time. If Americans are provided with opportunities to use leisure time
in socially and personally satisfying ways, many problems can be avoided. Recreation not only
provides a diversion and refreshment from the pace of our complex lives, but it also enriches our
mental health.
With the existence of two National Forests, the North Cascades National Park, Washington State
Department of Natural Resources land, three state parks and land held by private timber
companies within Whatcom County, it is hard to believe there is an additional need for public
open space.
However, most public land cited above is located in the eastern two- thirds of the county and little
public land is available near the population centers. With the county now undergoing a major shift
towards urban development, the public is becoming aware of the lost opportunities for close -in
public open space. Added to this concern is the fact that while Whatcom County has more than
130 miles of saltwater shoreline, only about 6% is currently accessible to the public. Nearly
everyday the opportunity for additional public access is reduced as land is developed.
In years past, the primary responsibility of Whatcom County Department of Parks and Recreation
has been to offer recreation programs and manage park facilities. With the need to preserve and
manage open space, the department could soon become a steward of the land.
It is with the need to preserve open space and shoreline access and to expand recreation
services for a growing population that the recreation chapter of the comprehensive plan is
adopted, as th 6 ^..^ ^ 'nn study was 'ntred nna it replaces „ plaR Gmpleted ^ l d„ 1977 by
ad9pt8-' C''^^^ that t me the county has undergone considerable population growth and
new concerns for the environment and livability have become prominent.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -2
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation
Rationale for proposed amendment: It is unclear which planning study is being
referenced. The Recreation chapter of the Comprehensive Plan seeks to preserve and
expand recreational opportunities and could be appropriately referenced.
ISSUES, GOALS, AND POLICIES
The following policies and design standards apply to the acquisition and /or development of day
use parks, multi -use camping areas, trail systems, specialized facilities, shoreline access areas
and recreation resource management areas (Maps 22 and 23).
Day Use Parks
Day use parks are large regional parks designed to offer a wide range of passive day use
activities. They often contain facilities or recreation opportunities that county residents are willing
to travel some distance to reach. In most cases, they are located in the rural areas of the county,
although there are some exceptions. Often a feature will dominate the site. Examples are the
farmstead at Hovander Park, the nature interpretative areas at Tennant Lake and the lake
shoreline at Samish Park.
GOAL 9A: Address county -wide recreational needs by adequate provision of day
use parks.
Policy 9A -1: Because the cities currently provide the highly developed urban parks, the
county's role should be to provide rural day use parks that are centered
around a unique feature or recreation opportunity.
Policy 9A -2: Because of the unique features of the site, location within the county is not
too important although they must have good road access.
Policy 9A -3: Development standards will vary according to the use intended. For the
intensive use park areas, all facilities and improvements should be built to
a high standard and designed to be easily maintained.
Policy 9A -4: All parks must be designed to create a minimal impact upon surrounding
property and to the site itself.
Policy 9A -5: Day use parks should be designed with one entrance and control point so
that entrance fees can be charged.
Policy 9A -6: If possible, day use parks should be located on an existing or proposed trail
route.
Policy 9A -7: The parks should be designed to accommodate a range of age groups and
interests.
Policy 9A -8: The county should only accept sites that meet the above standards.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -3
Chapter Nine - Recreation 2002 Update
Multi -Use Camping Parks Areas
Multi -use camping parks areas provide camping opportunities in addition to other uses.
Lighthouse Marine Park and Silver Lake Park ft this category. While man • act vi` 'es and fag I t ^^
area. The type of camping can
vary from primitive camp sites to the full- service RV site. It should be recognized that much of
the camping activity use will be from non - county residents.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department indicated that camping is
not always the primary function of these parks. For example, Lighthouse Marine Park in
Point Roberts has camping facilities, but boating is a primary use of the park.
GOAL 9B: Provide multi -use camping parks areas to serve county resident needs
as well as provide a tourism draw.
Policy 913-1: All the policy statements and design standards for day use parks should
also apply to multi -use camping parks.
Policy 913-2: Because camping parks areas will attract many non - county residents, they
should be recognized for their tourism value but at the same time county
residents should not subsidize the cost of camping.
Policy 9B -3: A wide variety of camping types should be offered including primitive sites,
tent sites, full- service RV sites and group camping areas.
Policy 9B -4: The camping areas should be physically separated from the other parts of
the park with the ability to be closed off during winter months.
Policy 913-5: Most large camping areas should be designed to a high standard with full -
service hookups, flush toilets and rest rooms, showers, laundry and other
support facilities.
Policy 913-7: Future Park development should consider the financial ability of the county,
and should focus on existing park lands before considering further
acquisition.
Trail Systems
Trail systems include unpaved foot trails, paved and unpaved multi -use trails and paved bike
paths. Multi -use trails are designed for two one or more of the following activities: bicycle riding,
mountain bike riding, walking and hiking, and horseback riding. Unpaved foot paths are primarily
for walking and hiking, although a compacted gravel surface is suitable for mountain bikes as
well.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
94
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation
While essentially all trails are suitable for foot traffic, bicyclists and horseback riders find many
trails not adequately maintained or built to appropriate construction standards. Poorly built or
maintained trails are less enjoyable to travel and can induce damage to the environment. User
conflicts may occur between all three groups. Horseback riders often express concern with
mountain bikes that suddenly appear at a bend or rise in the trail, spooking the animal and
endangering both riders. Hikers complain about similar problems, but are generally more
concerned with personal safety and damage to trails caused by the two rider groups. Motorized
(ORV) use of trails is generally incompatible with non - motorized use for similar reasons. Noise
and safety issues and environmental impacts preclude motorbikes from most of the trails
identified in this plan.
Solutions to user conflicts require some separation of use by designating specific loops or
segments for particular users. Hikers comprise the largest user group, but tend to have the
lowest impact on the trail. Although all trails are essentially available for hiking, trails that are
particularly narrow, steep, or fragile, and those subject to heavy pedestrian use should be
designated for hikers only. In addition, trails, loops or alternate routes should be designated for
the horseback and mountain bike rider groups where conditions warrant.
Properly built and maintained old logging roads in reforested areas provide some of the best
riding trails since they are much wider than a footpath for easier passing, and their base is usually
firm and less prone to damage. It is not enough, however, to simply direct horses and bikes to
old road grades. They are often seeking the same views and aesthetic experience that hikers
wish. Some trails will therefore need to be improved to a higher standard to accommodate the
use. On shared routes, appropriate design elements need to be implemented to avoid conflicts
and to enhance the trail experience for each group.
The difficulties in obtaining continuous access through private lands is a major issue in trail
development that can discourage citizens, planners and administrators from pursuing what might
otherwise be a worthwhile project. Access is usually obtained by way of gift or purchase of an
easement or parcel of land containing the trail corridor. On private timber land, access is normally
permitted in most areas on an informal basis with the understanding that closures may occur due
to logging, fire danger or other circumstances. Horse club volunteers have been successful in
obtaining permission to construct new trails on private and state timber land with and without
formal easements.
In developed areas of the county where multiple properties are involved, the task becomes more
complicated since lack of participation by one landowner can obstruct the trail. Concerns range
from vandalism, fire and nuisances to liability and invasion of privacy. In most cases, trail design,
careful facility planning and public education will help avoid these problems. An existing statute
(RCW 4.24.210) already protects landowners from liability where they allow public access to their
land without charge. Where access is denied, an alternate needs to be considered.
A friendly alternative, the "handshake agreement," has been experimented with in some areas
and found to be successful in most instances (see "Pathways Across America," Spring 1989
newsletter, by the American Hiking Society and the National Park Service). Here, a reluctant
landowner is approached with the plan and asked to allow public access for an indefinite period,
while retaining the right to close the trail at any time if problems should occur. The trail is closed
once a year to help avoid problems with adverse possession. The experience has been that once
a trail is developed, impacts to the landowner are found to be minimal or nonexistent, initial fears
are dispelled and the trail remains open indefinitely. Rarely are the agreements withdrawn.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -5
Chapter Nine - Recreation 2002 Update
Later, the land owner may find it advantageous to grant an easement or sell the property for
permanent public use, thereby reducing property taxes.
GOAL 9C:
Expand outdoor recreation opportunities for county residents by
providing enjoyable trails for hiking, horseback riding, bicycling,
walking, boating, and other trail activities in a safe environment.
Rationale
for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended this
language
to distinguish between horseback riding and other types of riding, such as
motorcycle riding.
Policy 9C -1:
Trails should be interesting and attractive. Trails which follow natural water
courses, pass significant natural resources, traverse interesting scenery or
cross areas of outstanding beauty provide interesting and enjoyable
experiences for the trail user.
Policy 9C -2:
Trails should be looped and interconnected to provide a variety of trail
lengths and destinations.
Policy 9C -3:
Trails should link other recreational uses in the Foothills area and connect
to existing trail systems in the National Forest and state land.
Rationale
for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended adding this
language to recognize their work with the State Department of Natural Resources on trail
projects.
Policy 9C -4:
The wet climate of Whatcom County may preclude extensive multi -use of
some trails or require seasonal limitations on their use. Trail routes should
take into account soil conditions, steep slopes, surface drainage and other
physical limitations that could impact the areas from over -use.
Rationale
for proposed amendment: Wet climate would require seasonal limitations,
rather than
preclude them.
Policy 9C -5:
Bicycle trails should provide opportunities for the recreational rider as well
as the touring and commuter bicyclist.
Policy 9C -6:
Bicycle routes and paths should minimize the conflicts between motorists
and bicyclists.
Policy 9C -7:
Hiking trails should have a variety of lengths and grades for the casual
stroller as well as the serious hiker.
Policy 9C -8:
Hiking trails should reach areas of natural beauty with the purpose of
permitting the hiker to seek areas of solitude and get away from the built
environment.
Policy 9C -9:
Equestrian trails should be accessible most of the year. Some equestrian
trails should be close -in to the urban areas.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -6
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation
Policy 9C -10: Adequate parking, signage, and trash receptacles, and toilet facilities should
be provided at all major trailheads.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended this
language to address hiker needs and environmental protection.
Policy 9C -11: Where public funds are used to construct or maintain dikes, levees or
revetments, public access should be encouraged for trail purposes, where
appropriate.
Policy 9C -12: Beating Water trails for non - motorized boats should be identified with
provisions made for parking, launching areas, and places of interest along
the water route where boats can land.
Rationale for proposed amendment: This language was recommended by the Parks
Department to clarify the intent of this policy, which is to designate routes for kayaks and
canoes.
Policy 9C -13: Work toward partnering with other resreatiea agencies and the public to
accomplish recreational goals.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department works with the Land Trust,
the Department of Natural Resources and others to reach the recreation goals. The
agencies they work with are not limited to recreational agencies.
Policy 9C -14: Investigate multi - solutions that will accommodate several county goals, such
as recreation, water retention, and flood prevention measures, utilizing a
similar piece of property.
Policy 9C -15 Sharing of corridors for major utilities, trails and other transportation
rights -of -way is encouraged when not in conflict with goals to protect
wildlife, public health and safety.
Rationale forproposed amendment: County -wide planning policy K -5 encourages such
shared use of facilities. Comprehensive plans must be consistent with the county -wide
planning policies.
Specialized Recreation Areas
Specialized areas include nature interpretative centers and small park sites, including those
related to Urban Growth Areas, small towns, and neighborhood developments.
GOAL 90: Provide specialized recreation areas taking advantage of unique
opportunities to serve both county residents and visitors.
Policy 9D -1: Because these facilities are unique, adopt specific standards for each one
individually.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -7
Chapter Nine - Recreation 2002 Update
Policy 9D -2: Explore need for aeighborhoed parks as undeveloped areas of county
increase in density.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended changing
this policy because the County provides regional parks, but does not have the funding to
maintain neighborhood parks. City governments typically provide this function.
Policy 9D -3: Encourage development of sport field complexes to meet the needs of
organized recreation activities using public and private partnerships where
possible.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended this
amendment, as soccer and baseball fields will be needed as the County becomes more
populated and continues to grow.
Shoreline Access Areas
Shoreline access areas include saltwater beaches and bluffs, rivers and streams and lake
frontage. Access may be via a public park area, a street end, orjust a trail easement. Access
includes both physical access to the water and visual access from points above (Map 23 25).
Rationale for proposed amendment: Incorrect map number is cited.
GOAL 9E: Recognize the shoreline as one of Whatcom County's unique assets
and provide adequate physical and visual access for present and
future generations.
Policy 9E -1: As economically feasible, acquire for public use as much of the saltwater
shoreline as possible. Public and private resources should be explored to
further this policy. A reasonable goal is to acquire for public access a
minimum of 15% of the saltwater shoreline and adjacent tidelands in
Whatcom County.
Policy 9E -2: Continue to review Conduct a thereugh study44 the Nooksack River Plan
(Jones and Jones, 1973) and implement those elements which are
beneficial, appropriate and economically feasible.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department Director recommended a
change here because they have been utilizing this plan on an on -going basis, and will
continue to do so (it is not just one big study of the plan, but an on -going process).
Policy 9E -3: Provide pedestrian, interpretative and small boat access sites for a diversity
of public shoreline.
Recreation Resource Management Areas
These open space areas are identified as large undeveloped parcels of land having unique or
attractive natural features. Often they will also contain extensive trail systems. They lack distinct
boundaries and are intended to emphasize open space and recreation values. The land may or
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -8
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation
may not be in public ownership. It is not intended for Whatcom County to acquire these parcels
of land but rather to secure conservation and access easements to ensure that public access is
maintained and unique scenic areas preserved.
GOAL 9F: Identify large undeveloped parcels of land with unique or attractive
features and with the cooperation /coordination of public agencies and
private landowners provide conservation opportunities and, where
possible, public access.
Policy 9F -1: Thoroughly study each of the Recreation Resource Management Areas
(RRMA) identified in the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space
Plan to identify their unique features, scenic quality and open space value.
Studies should then be made to determine how these qualities can be
preserved for future generations.
Policy 9F -2: Trail systems within the RRMAs should be used for non - motorized trail
activities only.
Policy 9F -3: While Whatcom County will probably not own the land within the RRMAs,
it should take on a major management role to ensure that its recreation and
open space value is maintained.
Policy 9F -4: A special advisory committee should be formed of users and land owners
of the RRMAs. Their role will be to inventory, plan and prepare
recommendations regarding the management of these areas.
Off -Road Vehicle Riding Areas
Recognizing that it is better to regulate and manage where off -road vehicle (ORV) riding may
occur, the county attempted twice to develop an area for exclusive ORV use. Both proposals
were met with controversy and not pursued. However, ORV riding still occurs and in many
instances on land not suitable for that use and without the owner's permission. The end result is
that ORV riding is impacting neighbors and the land in which riding occurs, and is in general
creating a problem for less intrusive recreational activities.
GOAL 9G: Coordinate with the DNR to provide ORV opportunities.
Policy 9G -1: Recognizing that there will continue to be a demand for ORV riding, the
county should continue to assess its role in the ORV program. Between
the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, and the Forest
Service avhaiserR6euaty, some joint solution maybe possible.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department Director recommended this
change because the state is in the best position for receiving earmarked funds for ORV
facilities. (He also indicated that the Whatcom County Parks & Recreation Commission
concurred with the recommendation). The State Department of Natural Resources has
built ORV parks around the state with gas -tax revenues they receive for that purpose.
However, the County could not afford to undertake this project.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -9
Chapter Nine - Recreation 2002 Update
Activity Centers
Activity centers are indoor facilities which provide recreational opportunities. They include the
existing senior /community centers, Plantation Rifle Range, and the Roeder Home, full scale
indoor recreation centers (multi - purpose centers) and indoor aquatic facilities. Five of the eight
senior /community centers managed by the county are owned by the Cities of Blaine, Everson,
Lynden, Sumas, and the Pt. Roberts Park District. Combined, these eight facilities served
182,829 ever-1- 90,,000 visitors in 2000 -1 -994, 75% of whom were seniors. Non - senior use is an
increasing trend including use by different agencies and community groups and even church
congregations who rent the facilities in Lynden and Bellingham. With appropriate scheduling, the
existing senior /community centers have the capacity to absorb additional activity.
Rationale for proposed amendment: Update figures to reflect current information.
The Plantation FRifle RRange includes two outdoor ranges, a trap field, an indoor range, and a
meeting room. It is a unique facility which receives 60% of its use from law enforcement
agencies.
The Roeder Home, donated to the County and on the National Historic Register, is a unique
facility which provides space for meetings and wedding receptions, and serves as the center for
cultural arts programs in the County.
Whatcom County has a shortage of available indoor facilities such as swimming pools,
gymnasiums, and activity centers. The only public pool in the county is the City of Bellingham
pool. There are two YMCA swimming pools (Bellingham and Lynden) and one YWCA pool in
Bellingham. As population numbers grow, the need for additional aquatic facilities should be re-
evaluated.
Goal 9H: Encourage multi -use indoor activity centers to meet the needs of the
population using public and private partnerships where possible.
Policy 9H -1: Support multi -use of the existing senior /community centers to maximize their
full potential.
Policy 9H -2: Continue the cooperation between the County and the Cities and Point
Roberts Park District on ownership and management of the existing
senior /community centers.
Policy 9H -3: Evaluate the cost/benefit ratio of adding a multi - purpose facility on the
property owned by the Parks Department at Smith and Northwest Roads
to meet the expanding demand by all age groups in the
Bellingham /Ferndale growth corridor.
Policy 9H -4: Expand the Plantation Rifle Range to meet the needs of citizens and law
enforcement agencies.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -10
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation
Policy 9H -5: Acquire property for a buffer area around the Plantation Rifle Range to
insure the ability to continue its use in the future.
Policy 9H -6: Continue to utilize the Roeder Home as the cultural arts facility flagship
while utilizing partnerships, leased space, or creative opportunities to
accommodate program expansion.
Policy 9H -7: Continue to monitor the need for additional aquatic facilities in the
community, with the basic assumption that Whatcom County will not be an
indoor aquatic provider in the near future.
Policy 9H -8: Continue to search for partnerships with other public agencies and private
groups in providing recreation facilities such as golf facilities, camping, and
resort centers.
Policy 9H -9: Expand the partnership concept to incorporate school buildings and
other public or private facilities which can accommodate meetings and
recreational functions.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -11
Chapter Nine - Recreation "Action Plan 2002 Update
RECREATION -ACTION PLAN
General Park and Recreation Services
1. Continue to monitor park and recreation service needs throughout the county and
encourage others to provide the identified service needs.
2. Stress a good public image and the importance of public relations to all employees of the
Parks and Recreation Department.
3. As economically feasible, and as need warrants, implement the recreation and service
programs in Chapter VII of the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan.
4. Continue to !implement those elements of the Nooksack River Plan (Jones and Jones,
1973) which are beneficial, appropriate and economically feasible.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended this change
because they are already implementing recommendations, and would continue to do so.
Park Facilities
5. As economically feasible, and as need warrants, implement the Comprehensive Park and
Recreation Open Space Plan including the goals and policies and maps incorporated
herein through adoption of the six -year capital improvement program an annual- capital
faGil I as program.
Rationale for proposed amendment: Bring terminology up to date (to reflect the current
name of the document referenced).
6. Develop facilities and areas that will be particularly attractive to Whatcom County
residents.
7. Develop and maintain facilities at a high standard. These standards should be established
in accordance with the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan and the
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan .
Rationale forproposed amendment: The Comprehensive Plan, rather than the capital
improvement program, contains level of service standards.
8. Design and develop recreation facilities for low maintenance.
9. In keeping with policies in other chapters of this plan, develop a mechanism for ensuring
the provision of neighborhood parks in accordance with appropriate standards when
residential areas are developed outside of incorporated areas. In the residential UGAs
not associated with cities, suburban enclaves and small towns, mechanisms are needed
for acquisition, development and subsequent maintenance and operations. Community
Associations and Park Districts are options to be explored.
10. Develop a strategic plan for full utilization of the existing senior /community centers and
partnerships to help absorb future need.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -12
2002 Update Chapter Nine - Recreation "Action Plan
11. Develop a
master plan for the property at Smith and
Northwest Road,
contingent upon
funding, to
include an indoor multi - purpose center.
currently leased for the
Plantation Rifle
12. Update and implement the master plan for the Plantation Rifle Range and Hovander
Homestead Park.
13. Work with
timber companies
and other private
property owners
an land swaps
te to acquire the land
currently leased for the
Plantation Rifle
aGhieve
Ranqe and a
buffer around the rifle range.
Rationale for proposed amendment., The Parks Department recommended these
modifications. They indicated that the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and
Trillium do not own property around the rifle range any more.
Rationale for proposed amendment: Move to Appendix H, as the Parks Department
Director indicated that all facilities have been upgraded to comply with the ADA.
1415. Preserve additional cultural heritage sites such as the Hovander House, the Roeder
Home, and Tennant Lake Interpretive Center for recreation purposes.
and tourists.
Rationale forproposed amendment: Action items 15 and 16 were added by the County
Council Planning & Development Committee, as recommended by the Whatcom County
Bike /Pedestrian Advisory Committee.
Preservation of Natural Areas
1746. Complete the inventory and study of Recreation Resource Management Areas in
accordance with policies under goal g(F).
1847. Make it advantageous to land developers and landowners to dedicate land for public use.
1945. Create alternative revenue sources and develop mechanisms to earmark funds to help pay
for the acquisition, maintenance and operation of parks, open space and shoreline
access.
2049. Develop mechanisms for land banking of public open space.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -13
Chapter Nine - Recreation "Action Plan 2002 Update
2129. Prime open space, and river corridors and natural areas should be designated and
prioritized for future acquisition. River corridors will be evaluated for increased
wetlandiwater storage areas for Flood mitigation and fish and wildlife habitat and potential
secondary use for reservoirs as park and open space attractions.
Rationale for proposed amendment: This would incorporate fish habitat as a
consideration when the County acquires property, so that maximum public benefit would
be achieved by the expenditure of public funds.
2224. Develop specific implementation strategies for those elements of the Natural Heritage Plan
that which are appropriate, beneficial, consistent with this plan and within the County's
fscal capabilities. Review the Natural Heritage Plan annually and incorporate appropriate
items in the Capital Facilities planning for parks and recreation in future years.
23 Continue the partnerships with other oraanizations groups or individuals consistent the
` "'� ^'--T ^ ^•' T•• •^•'^ ee fi ., with the goals identified in the Natural Heritage Plan for
Whatcom County.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Parks Department recommended this action
item to recognize their work with the Land Trust.
Trails
2422. Incorporate existing and proposed trails into a comprehensive and integrated system of
looped and interconnected trails which give users a wide choice of routes and
environments.
Rationale for proposed amendment: Move to Appendix H, as the Parks Department
Director indicated that this committee has been formed.
2624. Continue to update the trails inventory to identify all designated and non - designated trails
in the county.
2726. Work with private property owners and developers to acquire trail corridors or easements.
Monitor land development proposals to ensure that existing trails are not lost.
2826. Provide non - motorized access to regional recreational and outstanding scenic areas in the
county.
2927. Reduce conflicts between the various trail user groups and provide appropriate signage.
302-9. Provide bike lanes or wide shoulders where appropriate in conjunction with major road
improvements
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -14
2002 Update Chapter Nine -Recreation "Action Plan
31. Coast Millennium Trail - Continue to develop trail corridors, particularly off -road
segments such as the airport connector and shoreline access.
34 Nooksack River Trail
- Develop
and implement a plan
to acquire Rights of Way for a trail
corridor and picnic areas along
the Nooksack River
between
Ferndale and Glacier, to
provide recreation opportunities
improvements.
inter - community transportation
timber
and tourism development.
Rationale for proposed amendment: Action items 31, 32, 33 and 34 were added by the
County Council Planning & Development Committee, as recommended by the Whatcom
County Bike /Pedestrian Advisory Committee. Staff is suggesting that the name of the
"Blue Canyon "project should be changed so that it is consistent with the name used in the
Transportation chapter and Six -Year CIP, as shown above in bold.
Funding
Develop a stronger financial base for recreational services by:
3529. Designing future recreation facilities and areas with the ability to charge user fees.
3630. Investigating new innovative methods of financing facility development, maintenance, and
operating needs, GUGh as ,.. t Ve harvesting of I mber on park lands to g Fate
Rationale for proposed amendment., The Parks Department recommended this change
because selective harvest is no longer employed as a method to generate revenue on
County parkland.
3734. Considering joint ventures with private clubs, public agencies, commercial operations and
other groups to build and maintain facilities.
3832. Providing facilities that will encourage tourism.
Rationale for proposed amendment., Move to Appendix H, as the Parks Department
Director indicated this item has been completed.
3933. Where
timber
needs
to be
removed due
to disease, windfall
or for
park facility
improvements.
timber
shall
be
harvested and
sold using best management
practices.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
9 -15
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Draft 2002 Update Chapter Ten - Design
EXHIBIT B
1/10/02 Planning Commission Proposal
(Planning Commission changes shown with double underlining & strikethroughs)
Chapter Ten
DESIGN
INTRODUCTION
Purpose
The purpose of the Design chapter is to assist the citizens of Whatcom County in
identifying, defining, and enhancing those qualities and attitudes that distinguish our county
physically, spiritually and economically as having a unique "Sense of Place" -- an eminently
habitable environment in which to live, work, play, learn and feel a part of as a citizenry.
Included is a set of policies and actions, economically sound and environmental- design-
based, that aim to enhance or preserve those qualities, as well as our sustainability as we
grow into our natural resource environs. The application of these principles can range in
scope from Regional and Landscape Planning as related to natural resource land uses and
siting of community elements to the maintenance of the natural systems and
accommodation of human program elements encountered in Site - specific Planning,
Engineering, and Architecture in Whatcom County.
Process
A Design Committee was established in August 1993. This was a volunteer committee
made up of design professionals, including architects, landscape architects, land use
planners and an engineer. The committee solicited information from citizens as part of the
workshops held by the Visioning Committee in March and April 1994. The results are
reflected in the following summary and the Visioning Community Value Statements
generated by the Visioning Committee. Based on this background, the Design Committee
developed design issues, goals and policies. In reviewing the goals and policies
recommended by the Planning commission in June, 1996, the County Council has chosen
the option of keeping the proposed goals while postponing adoption of most of the policies
and implementation until the next amendment to the Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan.
Some new policies have been recommended to assure compliance with GMA and other legal
mandates.
GMA Goals, County -Wide Planning Policies, and Visioning Community Value Statements
The Design Chapter is the only chapter that addresses Goal 13 regarding Historic
Preservation by addressing inventorying and protection of historic sites and landscapes.
This chapter also addresses a number of the other goals directly or indirectly. By promoting
tools that will make density more acceptable in appropriate areas, it addresses Goals 1 and
2, Urban Growth and Reduce Sprawl, and Goal 4, Housing. By focusing on incentives, it
acknowledges Goal 6, Property Rights. Its emphasis on quality of life and compatibility
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10 -1
Chapter Ten - Design Draft 2002 Update
speaks to Goal 5, Economic Development, Goal 8, Natural Resource Industries, Goal 9,
Open Space and Recreation, and Goal 10, Environment. Finally, by emphasizing public
participation and user friendly regulations, it addresses Goal 7, Permits, and Goal 11, Citizen
Participation.
In the same manner, this chapter addresses the following sections of the County -Wide
Planning Policies: A) Citizen Involvement, D) Urban Growth Areas, G) Affordable Housing,
H) Open Space /Greenbelts, and K) Siting of Public Facilities.
Some of the County -Wide Planning Policies this chapter most directly addresses include D-
5, relating to cities maintaining their character; G -4, use of innovative techniques to
promote affordable housing; H -1, protection of linked greenbelts; and K -1, which specifies
a design component to reduce land use conflicts.
The following Visioning Community Value Statements have been addressed: Statement 3
under Urban Growth regarding the importance of retaining individual town and community
character; Statement 1 under Historic Preservation which addresses historic preservation;
the entire Housing Section; item 1 under Citizen Participation regarding local control; item
2, 3, and 5 under Land Use /Zoning which speak to flexibility in regulations, local control and
community review of large projects, and maintenance of rural character; and, finally, both
items under Rural Lifestyle addressing the components which make Rural Character and
Open Space important elements. This chapter also addresses the sections on property
rights, economic development, sprawl, the environment, open space, and recreation.
GMA Requirements
The Design Element is not a mandatory requirement nor even listed as an optional element
in the act as adopted, though it was considered in an earlier draft of the law. It is
recognized as important, however, and, like Economics and several other sections, was
considered desirable and added to the comprehensive plan outline by the Planning
Commission very early in the process.
BACKGROUND SUMMARY
Sense of Place
Resident and visitor alike are given the vivid and lasting impression of Whatcom County as
a very special place. Ask them what they like best about Whatcom County and almost
always included in their answer will be the multitude of natural resource amenities, such as
forests, salt water, rivers, lakes, and mountains, all in a temperate climate.
Whatcom County is blessed with an agriculturally rich river valley and a long growing
season, a wide range of plant species and wildlife habitat, a diversity of waters' edge
experiences, and a seemingly endless supply of good tasting water, clean air and space.
People here welcome the lack of traffic congestion, the relatively limited urban sprawl
compared to other urbanized counties; in short, Whatcom County is described as having a
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10 -2
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Ten - Design
unique ambience in which to pursue the richness, responsibilities, challenges and rewards
of a civilized life.
Until recently, settlement in Whatcom County has been restrained and generally respectful
of this verdant setting, embracing it as an integral and distinctive part of our Northwest
lifestyle. As Whatcom County experiences increasing population growth, however, it is
essential that the county's built environment grow compatibly with its natural environs
through the use of conscious, informed, and sensitive design.
Appropriate to the task are the proactive principles of design utilized by the environmental
design professions. Utilization of these principles in the building and rebuilding of
community and landscape can occur in a manner that does not impair or destroy the
integrity or vitality of the natural environs which are the basis of our sense of place.
Among the elements which define a sense of place and which are particularly essential to
examine, protect, and enhance are Places, Spaces, Focal Points, Gateways, Corridors,
Connections, Edges and Transitions. All of these are perceptual elements common to most
every natural or built place. They are among the most important and dynamic elements of
an environment which enable us to distinguish, qualify, and identify one place as separate
from another yet related to the whole. These elements can be perceived or applied to
design of a diversity of land uses typical to Urban Growth Areas, Small Towns, Crossroads;
maintenance of the integrity of our rural setting; sensitive utilization our natural resource
lands - aquifer recharge areas, agricultural lands, forest lands, and our waters; and they are
among the integral structural components of site - specific environments we design to
accommodate our recreational activities, housing, public facilities and transportation
facilities.
Thoughtful design can enhance our urban centers such as Bellingham with its historic,
cultural amenities, and diversity of building stock, and the friendly ambiance, compact and
comprehendible scale of our small towns, as well as the life- sustaining, bucolic, landscapes
of our rural river valley and its forested slopes. Carefully crafted design choices will not
only define, enhance and retain our distinctive natural setting and the communities we
create within it, but will fortify our individual sense of who we are as individuals in relation
to this common ground, this special "place" we share, Whatcom County.
ISSUES, GOALS, AND POLICIES
Urban Growth Areas
Whatcom County has two roles in terms of urban growth areas. It has final review of the
UGA boundaries as established by the cities and, therefore, some concern about what will
occur within those boundaries. It also has development authority in those growth areas not
associated with cities, and in those areas within city UGAs where utilities extend beyond
city limits. Some areas like Sudden Valley, the Peaceful Valley /Paradise Lakes area, and
Geneva have, for the most part, already been subdivided and are partially developed. Even
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10 -3
Chapter Ten - Design Draft 2002 Update
in these areas, however, development potential remains, and there are other areas in the
county designated for urban growth where the opportunity exists for a new approach.
In keeping with the spirit of the Growth Management Act, the values expressed by
Whatcom County residents, and societal trends occurring nationwide, it is clear that the
traditional approach to land use as particularly exemplified in the suburban development that
has occurred since World War II is no longer acceptable. While there is not consensus on
specific issues of density or whether the use of branching streets and cul -de -sacs should
be discouraged, there is a clear desire for a sense of community and pedestrian scale, and
a recognition that we can no longer afford the inefficient development patterns of the past
which are land- consumptive, require excessive utility extensions, and generate too many
vehicular trips.
It may be pdssible to alleviate some of these problems of the past including congestion,
inefficiency and use conflicts by incorporating design concepts into urban growth area
policies. Design opportunities center around the following:
• parks /greenbelts /open space • a variety of lot sizes including small lots
• mixed land uses • reduced and /or more flexible setbacks
• in -fill development • pedestrian facilities
• housing in identifiable neighborhoods • public spaces and facilities
• special districts • residential design
• location of essential services • community character
• more flexible street standards • historic properties
GOAL 10A: In evaluating urban growth areas associated with cities, or in allowing
the development of unincorporated growth areas, ensure a sense of
community and pedestrian scale.
GOAL 106: As Small Towns evolve, utilize design tools and decisions which are
sensitive to and compatible with the positive character of the
surrounding natural setting.
Rural Integrity
"Rural ", a middle ground between urban /suburban settings and true wilderness, consists
of large spaces, low- intensity uses, and environmentally fragile areas. Rural evokes images
of fields and crops, farm buildings, rolling hills, great sweeping valleys, wooded ridges, wide
inspiring views, peace and quiet, and a sense of small town community. Often associated
with these images is the fragrance of fresh cut hay, spread fertilizers, and plowed earth.
These are all characteristics not normally associated with more urbanized communities.
The rural environment can provide both pleasure and reward to residents and visitors alike.
Land use and development decisions can either degrade or enhance this rural environment
and the lifestyle it affords.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10-4
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Ten - Design
GOAL 10C: Retain and enhance the components that make up Whatcom County's
rural integrity - -the basis of its identity - -its "sense of place ".
GOAL 101): Retain the natural landscape diversity and open space experience.
Historical and Cultural Resources
Cultural resources contribute materially to a sense of place and identity and civic pride.
Economic dividends come from cultural tourism and downtown revitalization. Whatcom
County recognizes a number of benefits which result from cultural resource preservation.
A strong cultural resources management program enables the county to fulfill its legal
obligation to avoid potential harmful impacts on cultural resources. The preservation of
historic and archeological resources contributes to Whatcom County's rural and cultural
character. Historically significant lands, sites and structures, which are part of and help
illustrate the collective culture of the people, are important resources for the county.
GOAL 10E:
Recognize Whatcom County's historical and archeological attributes and
identify and encourage the preservation of lands, sites, and structures
that have historic or archeological significance.
Policy 10E-1:
Whatcom County shall prepare a cultural resource inventory to identify
and document archeological and historic resources.
Policy 10E -2:
The county's cultural resource inventory shall be updated on a
continuing basis to ensure the inventory's usefulness as a historic
preservation and land use tool.
Policy 10E -3:
The county's cultural resource inventory shall be coordinated with
similar programs maintained by municipalities and indigenous people
within the county to ensure the comprehensiveness of the inventory.
Policy 10E -4:
Consistent with its resources and based on the standards of the cultural
resources inventory, the county shall provide technical assistance to
local groups whose work can be incorporated into the county's
inventory.
Policy 10E -5:
The county shall seek to preserve and enhance archeological, historic,
and cultural resources by enacting a qualifying historic preservation
ordinance and carrying out the mandates of that ordinance.
Policy 10E -6:
The county shall meet its cultural resource management obligation
under federal, state, and local regulations in an efficient and effective
manner.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10 -5
Chapter Ten - Design
The county
shall promote preservation
Draft 2002 Update
Policy 10E -7:
Consistent
assistance
with its resources, the county
on cultural resource matters.
shall provide technical
Policy 10E -8:
The county
shall promote preservation
of identified archeological,
with other
historic, and
cultural resources.
Policy 10E -9: On projects under its authority, the county shall consistently seek to
mitigate negative impacts to cultural resources.
Policy 10E -10: The county shall undertake through a public/ private partnership a
coordinated long -range planning in conjunction with representatives of
arts, heritage, and tourism organizations, to develop strategies for
preserving and enhancing cultural resources.
Policy 10E -11: The county shall continue to cooperate with cultural groups and the
organized representatives of the tourism industry to promote cultural
tourism and ensure that cultural tourism projects remain eligible for
funding assistance through its hotel /motel tax fund program.
GOAL 10F: Save, protect, and enhance our county's rural setting from conversion
to urban /suburban development.
GOAL 10G: Encourage
freedom of rural
land use and lifestyle
choices in harmony
with other
county goals.
natural
Natural Resources and Sustainability
Natural resources have been the foundation of human development in Whatcom County.
Many county residents make a living in the open, in farming, dairying, logging, mining, and
fishing. The result has been an evolving landscape, unique in its diversity. As we continue
to grow, however, there will be increasing conflict between resource use and the
maintenance of our landscape. There is an opportunity to apply design techniques to
mitigate some of the conflicts. Also, because our natural resources are not all renewable,
it is necessary to consider the concept of sustainability. Sustainability means meeting our
present needs without compromising the ability to meet future generations' needs.
GOAL
1OH:
Encourage limiting
impacts
from
resource uses on the
natural
environment.
GOAL 10J: Minimize conflicts between different land uses.
GOAL 1OK: Consider long term effects of building practices on communities and
natural resource depletion -
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
70-6
Draft 2002 Update Chapter Ten - Design
Places and Focal Points
Places and focal points help define the character and provide the diversity that make up
Whatcom County. These include areas as large as the City of Lynden, or the Nooksack
River Valley, or Silver Lake Park; they can include such places as the Dewey Valley or
Deming Logging Show grounds, Fairhaven or the Fountain District in Bellingham; or they can
be as small as the grange halls throughout the county. The important point is that a place
enhances the experience of a person while in that place.
As growth occurs, existing places and focal points are sometimes lost. However, with
conscious design choices, these can be preserved and new ones established. It is important
to identify and develop policies to protect and enhance the places that are meaningful to
US.
GOAL tOL: Protect and enhance
special places and
focal points which
define
character and provide
the diversity that is
Whatcom County.
Gateways, Corridors, and Connections
Gateways, corridors, and connections are important as we pass from one identified place
to another. The act of entering or leaving is an essential element in establishing the sense
of place. Whatcom County is blessed with a number of natural corridors and important
gateways such as the 1 -5 entry from Skagit County through the Chuckanut Mountains or
the U.S. /Canadian border crossings. Opportunities and problems should be recognized,
associated with the following:
• human and natural gateways • traffic noise
• viewpoints and vistas • commercial signage
• river and stream corridors • links between urban growth areas and
• wildlife corridors small towns
• utility easements
GOAL 10M: Take advantage of opportunities to announce Whatcom County with
gateways.
Goal 10N:
Utilize built and natural corridors and
connections to
heighten
awareness of "place ".
Edges and
Transitions
Edges and
transitions are the interface between different land
uses or physical
features.
They can
be natural or human made. They help define different
places and
act as a
mechanism
to create and maintain a sense of diversity between
elements of the landscape,
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10 -7
Chapter 10 -Design " Action Plan Draft 2002 Update
such as rural and urban land uses or public and private uses. A tree line at the edge of a
meadow or a landscape buffer between commercial and residential development are two
examples.
Edges and transitions can be hard, the edge of the road or of an irrigated field, or soft, a
wetland transition to a tidal stream. In nature, they are often the most active zone as
animals use the edge for hunting, foraging, or seeking shelter. In examining edges and
transitions, it is important to recognize the way places are defined and also the way in
which they are tied together; e.g., a deer foraging in open meadow and seeking shelter in
the adjacent forest.
Visually hard edges provide the clearest indication of change and are usually preferred - -the
outskirts of a small town emerging from its agricultural surroundings with perhaps only a
few service club signs announcing the pending transition. Hard edges can also be too
harsh - -the rigid delineation of a clear -cut which follows a straight line in contrast to the
rolling topography.
GOAL 10P: Protect Whatcom County's diversity by maintaining or creating edges
that clearly identify a sense of place.
DESIGN - ACTION PLAN
The Design Chapter will be re- examined and redrafted by in the 2007 1998 amendment to
the Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan. During this review policies will be added to
clarify the goals Whatcom County wishes to establish.
Rationale for proposed amendment: The Design chapter is an optional element under
the Growth Management Act (RCW 36.70A.070 and .080). Review of mandatory
elements of the comprehensive plan and development regulations will take precedent
over optional elements during the next several years.
Implementation strategy for archeological and historic sites:
1. Develop a more detailed historic preservation cultural resources inventory. This
should be drafted in conjunction with heritage and cultural communities and the
general public.
2. Institute procedures designed to make the information in the cultural resources
inventory conveniently accessible.
3. Establish procedures to ensure county compliance with applicable cultural resources
legislation.
4. Produce a strategic plan to guide the county's participation in tourism development
and marketing.
Whatcom County Comprehensive Plan
10 -8